College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Jun;31(27):39232-39247. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-33703-1. Epub 2024 May 30.
Assessment of ecological security is essential for understanding the status of bay ecosystem and developing appropriate management strategy. Based on the driving force-pressure-state-impact-response (DPSIR) model, the demographic, economic, social, and ecological data of Laizhou Bay and its three neighboring counties were selected for the period from 2015 to 2021. An ecological security evaluation index system of Laizhou Bay containing 26 indicators was established, and the weights of each indicator were determined by the methods of AHP and EWM, and a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological security of Laizhou Bay was carried out by ESI. Correlations between indicators were analyzed by the Spearman's rank coefficient of correlation. The results showed that there were significant correlations between marine conditions and indicators such as population size in the surrounding area, mariculture area, industrial and domestic wastewater discharge, and treatment rate. Overall, from 2015 to 2021, the ecological security of Laizhou Bay showed a favorable trend, from a relatively unsafe level to a generally safe level, and then to a relatively safe level. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the ecological security of Laizhou Bay, we can recognize the utilization of marine resources and ecological carrying capacity, guide the rational development and utilization of marine resources, and promote the sustainable development of the marine economy.
生态安全评估对于了解海湾生态系统的状况和制定适当的管理策略至关重要。本研究基于驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应（DPSIR）模型，选取了莱州湾及其三个相邻县 2015-2021 年的人口、经济、社会和生态数据。建立了包含 26 个指标的莱州湾生态安全评价指标体系，采用层次分析法（AHP）和均生函数法（EWM）确定各指标权重，并利用生态系统健康指数（ESI）对莱州湾生态安全进行综合评价。通过 Spearman 秩相关系数分析了各指标之间的相关性。结果表明，海洋状况与周边地区人口规模、海水养殖面积、工业和生活污水排放量及处理率等指标之间存在显著相关性。总体而言，2015-2021 年莱州湾生态安全状况呈良好趋势，由相对不安全水平上升至基本安全水平，再上升至相对安全水平。通过对莱州湾生态安全的综合评价，可以认识到海洋资源的利用和生态承载能力，指导海洋资源的合理开发利用，促进海洋经济的可持续发展。
