Variend S
J Pathol. 1985 Jan;145(1):1-25. doi: 10.1002/path.1711450102.
The past decade has seen significant advances in the treatment of childhood malignancies accompanied by appreciable improvement in survival rates. Treatment programmes have been largely formulated to meet the specific characteristics of individual tumours, as well as being based on the extent of disease presented at diagnosis. In selecting the most appropriate treatment protocol, accurate histological categorization of resected or biopsied tumour is thus of paramount importance. In the paediatric age range in which so many tumours lack differentiation as to present as, or mimic, other small cell tumours, routine methods are often insufficient to resolve problematic histology. A wide range of special techniques is now at hand to assist the pathologist with this problem and this review is an attempt partly to rationalize the application of available methodology. Of considerable importance also is a knowledge of the behavioural characteristics of this group of tumours, their prototypic histology, as well as the range of morphological variability.
在过去十年中，儿童恶性肿瘤的治疗取得了显著进展，生存率也有了明显提高。治疗方案的制定主要是为了满足个体肿瘤的特定特征，同时也基于诊断时所呈现的疾病范围。因此，在选择最合适的治疗方案时，对切除或活检肿瘤进行准确的组织学分类至关重要。在儿童年龄范围内，许多肿瘤缺乏分化，表现为或类似于其他小细胞肿瘤，常规方法往往不足以解决有问题的组织学问题。现在有多种特殊技术可帮助病理学家解决这一问题，本综述旨在部分地使现有方法的应用合理化。同样重要的是要了解这组肿瘤的行为特征、其典型组织学以及形态学变异范围。
