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评估 4-5 岁儿童的基本运动能力、身体素质和执行功能：初级保健环境中的纵向研究。

Assessing basic motor competences, physical fitness, and executive function in 4-5-year-old children: a longitudinal study in a primary care setting.

机构信息

Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarrabiomed, Pamplona (Navarra), España.

Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Avenida de Barañain s/n, Pamplona (Navarra), 31008, Spain.

出版信息

Ital J Pediatr. 2024 May 31;50(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s13052-024-01674-1.

DOI:10.1186/s13052-024-01674-1

PMID:38816854

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11140973/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

To evaluate the progression of physical fitness (PF), basic motor competence (BMC), and executive function (EF) over one year in children aged 4-5 years at a health center.

METHODS

In this longitudinal analysis, children's BMC was evaluated using the MOBAK KG test for object and self-movement. The PREFIT Battery gauged PF through handgrip strength, standing long jump, and other fitness measures, while the Early Years Toolbox appraised EF.

RESULTS

Adjustments for confounding factors showed notable improvements in BMC, particularly in object movement (OM; mean difference 0.789, p = 0.044) and self-movement (SM; mean difference 0.842, p = 0.037), with overall MOBAK scores also increasing (mean difference 1.632, p = 0.018). Enhancements in the standing long jump (mean difference 9.036 cm, p = 0.014) and EF tasks "Mr. Ant" (mean difference 0.669, p < 0.001) and "Go/No-Go" (mean difference 0.120, p < 0.001) were evident, signifying substantial BMC gains and some progress in PF and EF.

CONCLUSION

This research underscores the positive impact of regular training on BMC and PF in young children. Significant BMC development and associated improvements in PF and EF over the study period highlight the importance of structured activities in early childhood. These findings advocate for standardized training programs to enhance childhood health and encourage active lifestyles.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

NCT05741879. Registered February 14, 2023, Version 1.

摘要

背景

在健康中心评估 4-5 岁儿童在一年内的身体机能（PF）、基本运动能力（BMC）和执行功能（EF）的进展情况。

方法

在这项纵向分析中，使用 MOBAK KG 测试评估儿童的 BMC，用于评估物体和自我运动。PREFIT 电池通过握力、立定跳远和其他健身指标来衡量 PF，而 Early Years Toolbox 应用程序则评估 EF。

结果

对混杂因素进行调整后，BMC 有显著改善，尤其是在物体运动（OM；平均差异 0.789，p=0.044）和自我运动（SM；平均差异 0.842，p=0.037）方面，总体 MOBAK 评分也有所提高（平均差异 1.632，p=0.018）。立定跳远（平均差异 9.036cm，p=0.014）和 EF 任务“蚂蚁先生”（平均差异 0.669，p<0.001）和“Go/No-Go”（平均差异 0.120，p<0.001）的改善也很明显，表明 BMC 有了显著的提高，PF 和 EF 也有了一定的进步。