Mattar Mervat, Bazarbachi Ali, Abduljalil Omar, Francis Bassam, Alam Arif, Blunk Vivian
Dept of Internal Medicine Hematology Unit, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Dept of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Clin Hematol Int. 2024 Feb 22;6(1):67-83. doi: 10.46989/001c.92555. eCollection 2024.
Globally, multiple myeloma (MM) ranks 24 among the most common cancers. The Middle East and Africa are affected by an increasing trend in MM incidence, owing to several underlying factors. This systematic review aims to assess the epidemiology, patient characteristics, and treatment outcomes associated with MM in selected countries in the Middle East and Africa.
An electronic search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE database. Abstracts presented at the annual meetings of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Hematology, and European Society for Medical Oncology and the GLOBOCAN registry were searched. Qualitative analysis was performed.
A total of 412 articles were screened, and 14 were selected. The five-year prevalence per 100,000 gathered from country-wise GLOBOCAN data ranged between 155 in Kuwait and 5,625 in North Africa. The identified treatment options were proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib, drugs such as thalidomide, lenalidomide, dexamethasone, melphalan, and cyclophosphamide, and newer drugs such as daratumumab.
Improved diagnostic capability has increased the incidence of MM in this region. However, advanced drugs and treatment regimens remain unaffordable in many countries of these regions. Therefore, understanding the trends of the disease and improving healthcare settings are imperative.
在全球范围内，多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是最常见的癌症之一，排名第24位。由于多种潜在因素，中东和非洲地区的MM发病率呈上升趋势。本系统评价旨在评估中东和非洲部分国家与MM相关的流行病学、患者特征和治疗结果。
在PubMed/MEDLINE数据库中进行电子检索。检索了在美国临床肿瘤学会、美国血液学会、欧洲医学肿瘤学会年会以及全球癌症登记处（GLOBOCAN）上发表的摘要。进行了定性分析。
共筛选了412篇文章，选取了14篇。从各国GLOBOCAN数据中收集的每10万人五年患病率在科威特的155例至北非的5625例之间。确定的治疗选择包括蛋白酶体抑制剂如硼替佐米、药物如沙利度胺、来那度胺、地塞米松、美法仑和环磷酰胺，以及新药如达雷妥尤单抗。
诊断能力的提高增加了该地区MM的发病率。然而，在这些地区的许多国家，先进的药物和治疗方案仍然难以承受。因此，了解疾病趋势并改善医疗环境势在必行。
