淀粉样蛋白-β沉积可预测认知正常老年人的杂货店购物表现。

Amyloid-β Deposition Predicts Grocery Shopping Performance in Older Adults Without Cognitive Impairment.

机构信息

Department of Physical Therapy, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA.

Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

出版信息

J Alzheimers Dis. 2024;100(1):53-75. doi: 10.3233/JAD-231108.

DOI:10.3233/JAD-231108

PMID:38820016

Abstract

BACKGROUND

A screening tool sensitive to Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk factors, such as amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, and subtle cognitive changes, best elicited by complex everyday tasks, is needed.

OBJECTIVE

To determine if grocery shopping performance could differentiate older adults at elevated risk of developing AD (OAer), older adults at low risk of developing AD (OAlr), and young adults (YA), and if amount of Aβ deposition could predict grocery shopping performance in older adults (OA).

METHODS

Twenty-one OAer (78±5 years), 33 OAlr (78±5 years), and 28 YA (31±3 years) performed four grocery shopping trials, with the best and worst performances analyzed. Measures included trial time, number of correct items, number of grocery note fixations, and number of fixations and percentage of time fixating on the correct shelving unit, correct brand, and correct shelf. Linear mixed effects models compared measures by performance rank (best, worst) and group (OAer, OAlr, YA), and estimated the effect of Aβ deposition on measures in OA.

RESULTS

Relative to their best performance, OAer and OAlr exhibited more correct shelving unit fixations and correct brand fixations during their worst performance, while YA did not. Within OA's worst performance, greater Aβ deposition was associated with a smaller percentage of time fixating on the correct shelving unit, correct shelf, and correct brand. Within OA, greater Aβ deposition was associated with more grocery note fixations.

CONCLUSIONS

OA with elevated Aβ deposition may exhibit subtle working memory impairments and less efficient visual search strategies while performing a cognitively demanding everyday task.

摘要

背景

需要一种能够敏感地检测阿尔茨海默病（AD）风险因素（如淀粉样蛋白-β（Aβ）沉积）和微妙认知变化的筛查工具，最好能通过复杂的日常任务来引出这些变化。

目的

确定杂货店购物表现是否可以区分处于 AD 高发风险的老年人（OAer）、AD 低发风险的老年人（OAlr）和年轻人（YA），以及 Aβ沉积量是否可以预测老年人（OA）的杂货店购物表现。

方法

21 名 OAer（78±5 岁）、33 名 OAlr（78±5 岁）和 28 名 YA（31±3 岁）进行了 4 次杂货店购物试验，对最佳和最差表现进行了分析。测量指标包括试验时间、正确项目数、杂货笔记注视数、以及对正确货架单元、正确品牌和正确货架的注视次数和时间百分比。线性混合效应模型比较了按表现等级（最佳、最差）和组（OAer、OAlr、YA）划分的测量指标，并估计了 Aβ沉积对 OA 测量指标的影响。