Abdala Paula, Müller Christoph
Laboratory of Energy Science and Engineering ETH Zurich Leonhardstrasse 21, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
Chimia (Aarau). 2024 May 29;78(5):297-303. doi: 10.2533/chimia.2024.297.
Deciphering the structural intricacies of catalysts is essential to advance their atomic-scale engineering. Solid catalysts are complex, with structural features spanning multiple length scales and involving dynamics, which possess challenges in understanding structure-performance relationships. However, advanced operando X-ray characterization techniques, including X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), diffraction (XRD), and pair distribution function analysis (PDF) allow elucidation of structural features under working conditions, discovering transitions from supported nanocrystals to dispersed sites, from solid solutions to supported nanoparticles, or structural changes at the local level. In this mini-review, we discuss case studies exploring the structure of catalysts over different lengths and time scales under different applications, such as CO2 hydrogenation to methanol or the dry reforming of methane, using a combination of operando XAS, XRD and PDF.
破解催化剂的结构复杂性对于推进其原子尺度工程至关重要。固体催化剂很复杂，其结构特征跨越多个长度尺度并涉及动力学，这在理解结构-性能关系方面存在挑战。然而，先进的原位X射线表征技术，包括X射线吸收光谱（XAS）、衍射（XRD）和对分布函数分析（PDF），能够阐明工作条件下的结构特征，发现从负载型纳米晶体到分散位点、从固溶体到负载型纳米颗粒的转变，或局部水平的结构变化。在本综述中，我们讨论了一些案例研究，这些研究使用原位XAS、XRD和PDF的组合，探索了在不同应用（如二氧化碳加氢制甲醇或甲烷干重整）中，不同长度和时间尺度下催化剂的结构。
