University of Washington, School of Pharmacy, Seattle, WA, USA.
Cedarville University, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville, OH, USA.
Am J Pharm Educ. 2024 Aug;88(8):100726. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2024.100726. Epub 2024 May 31.
Given the importance of developing student understanding and application of the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process (PPCP), programs may be able to use successful approaches from other institutions to enhance their curricular and experiential learning and assessment of student outcomes. The study objective was to explore successful methods of integrating the PPCP and outline areas of challenge.
This study used a qualitative study design with semistructured interviews to gain insight from participants' lived experiences. Pharmacy faculty members participating in a national survey or who were authors of articles about PPCP initiatives were recruited to provide greater detail about building successful and innovative curricula. Thematic analysis identified commonalities and differences among the interviewed participants.
A total of 10 interviews were conducted. The following 4 overarching themes arose from the data: discussions around intentional integration of the PPCP across multiple core courses may foster innovations in teaching strategies; intentional integration alone does not equate to PPCP integration across the curriculum; intentional integration may enhance program assessment; and PPCP data from experiential coursework may not be widely used in curricular continuous quality improvement.
Pharmacy programs will ideally involve the entire faculty, including experiential and basic and social/administrative science members, in weaving the PPCP throughout the curriculum. Rigorous assessment can better inform interventions related to student competency in various steps of the PPCP. Pharmacy programs should also clarify how data obtained from preceptors observing student performance in each of the PPCP steps are used to assess student mastery of this critical skill.
鉴于培养学生对药剂师患者护理流程（PPCP）的理解和应用的重要性，各项目可以借鉴其他机构的成功方法来增强课程和实践学习，并评估学生的学习成果。本研究旨在探讨整合 PPCP 的成功方法，并概述面临的挑战领域。
本研究采用定性研究设计，通过半结构化访谈从参与者的实际经验中获取深入了解。参与全国性调查的药学教师或撰写有关 PPCP 计划的文章的作者被招募来提供有关构建成功和创新课程的更多详细信息。主题分析确定了受访者之间的共同点和差异。
共进行了 10 次访谈。从数据中得出了以下 4 个总体主题：围绕在多个核心课程中有意整合 PPCP 进行的讨论可能会促进教学策略的创新；仅有意整合并不等同于整个课程的 PPCP 整合；有意整合可能会增强课程评估；以及实践课程的 PPCP 数据可能并未广泛用于课程持续质量改进。
药学项目最好让全体教师参与，包括实践、基础和社会/行政科学成员，将 PPCP 贯穿整个课程。严格的评估可以更好地为与学生在 PPCP 各个步骤中的能力相关的干预措施提供信息。药学项目还应明确如何使用从导师那里获得的关于学生在 PPCP 各个步骤中的表现的数据来评估学生对这一关键技能的掌握程度。
