School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China.
Int J Psychol. 2024 Oct;59(5):783-789. doi: 10.1002/ijop.13136. Epub 2024 Jun 2.
Previous research has independently investigated the impact of individual personality traits and object valence on different patterns of attentional selection. However, the interactive role of individual personality traits and object valence in different patterns of attentional selection in both same and different emotional contexts remains unclear. To address the above issues, the present research used a variant of the two-rectangle paradigm, preselected individuals as introverts and extroverts, and simultaneously presented two faces with same or different emotions. Accordance to the result, in the same emotional context, personality traits and object valence did not interact to modulate both space-based effect (SBE) and object-based effect (OBE). However, in the different emotional context, personality traits and object valence interacted to modulate OBE. Specifically, for the extroverts, OBE existed no difference among negative, neutral and positive conditions. In contrast, for the introverts, the OBE was larger in the negative condition compared to those in the positive and neutral conditions. This research provides the first evidence suggesting that object-based attention can be impacted by the interaction between individual characteristics and object properties, and further proposes a preliminary framework called "context-dependent attentional selection hypothesis."
先前的研究分别考察了个体人格特质和目标效价对不同注意选择模式的影响。然而，个体人格特质和目标效价在相同和不同情绪情境下不同注意选择模式中的交互作用尚不清楚。为了解决上述问题，本研究采用了一种变体的双矩形范式，预选个体为内向者和外向者，同时呈现具有相同或不同情绪的两张面孔。结果表明，在相同的情绪情境中，人格特质和目标效价没有相互作用来调节基于空间的效应（SBE）和基于物体的效应（OBE）。然而，在不同的情绪情境中，人格特质和目标效价相互作用来调节 OBE。具体来说，对于外向者，在负性、中性和正性条件下，OBE 没有差异。相比之下，对于内向者，负性条件下的 OBE 比正性和中性条件下的 OBE 更大。本研究首次提供了证据表明，基于物体的注意可以受到个体特征和物体属性之间相互作用的影响，并进一步提出了一个名为“情境依赖注意选择假说”的初步框架。
