School of Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, Old Royal Naval College, Park Row, Greenwich, London, SE10 9LS, UK.
Rural Remote Health. 2024 May;24(2):8520. doi: 10.22605/RRH8520. Epub 2024 May 25.
INTRODUCTION: Ninety-seven per cent of Indigenous Peoples live in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). A previous systematic integrative review of articles published between 2000 and 2017 identified numerous barriers for Indigenous women in LMICs in accessing maternal healthcare services. It is timely given the aim of achieving Universal Health Coverage in six years' time, by 2030, to undertake another review. This article updates the previous review exploring the recent available literature on Indigenous women's access to maternal health services in LMICs identifying barriers to services. METHODS: An integrative review of literature published between 2018 and 2023 was undertaken. This review followed a systematic process using Whittemore and Knafl's five-step framework for integrative reviews and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 944 articles were identified from six databases: Academic Search Premier, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, APA PsycInfo, CINAHL Plus with Full Text and APA PsycArticles (through EBSCOhost). The search was undertaken on 16 January 2023. After screening of the title/abstract and the full text using inclusion and exclusion criteria 26 articles were identified. Critical appraisal resulted in 24 articles being included in the review. Data were extracted using a matrix informed by Penchansky and Thomas's taxonomy, extended by Saurman, which focused on six dimensions of access to health care: affordability, accessibility, availability, accommodation, acceptability and awareness. Ten studies took place in Asia, 10 studies were from the Americas and four studies took place in the African region. Seventeen articles were qualitative, two were quantitative and five were mixed methods. The methods for the integrative review were prespecified in a protocol, registered at Open Science Framework. RESULTS: Barriers identified included affordability; community awareness of services including poor communication between providers and women; the availability of services, with staff often missing from the facilities; poor quality services, which did not consider the cultural and spiritual needs of Indigenous Peoples; an overreliance on the biomedical model; a lack of facilities to enable appropriate maternal care; services that did not accommodate the everyday needs of women, including work and family responsibilities; lack of understanding of Indigenous cultures from health professionals; and evidence of obstetric violence and mistreatment of Indigenous women. CONCLUSION: Barriers to Indigenous women's access to maternal health services are underpinned by the social exclusion and marginalisation of Indigenous Peoples. Empowerment of Indigenous women and communities in LMICs is required as well as initiatives to challenge the stigmatisation and marginalisation that they face. The importance of community involvement in design and interventions that support the political and human rights of Indigenous Peoples are required. Limitations of this review include the possibility of missing articles as it was sometimes unclear from the articles whether a particular group was from an Indigenous community. More research on access to services in the postnatal period is still needed, as well as quality quantitative research. There is also a lack of research on Indigenous groups in North Africa, and in sub-Saharan Africa - especially hunter-gatherer groups - as well as the impact of COVID-19 on access to services.
简介:97%的原住民生活在中低收入国家(LMICs)。此前对 2000 年至 2017 年发表的文章进行的系统综合评价发现,LMICs 中的原住民妇女在获得孕产妇保健服务方面存在诸多障碍。鉴于到 2030 年实现全民健康覆盖的目标还有六年时间,现在进行另一次审查是及时的。本文更新了之前的综述,探讨了最近关于 LMICs 中原住民妇女获得孕产妇保健服务的可用文献,确定了服务的障碍。
方法:对 2018 年至 2023 年发表的文献进行了综合评价。本综述遵循 Whittemore 和 Knafl 的五步综合评价框架和系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目(PRISMA)指南进行了系统的过程。从六个数据库中确定了 944 篇文章:学术搜索高级版、MEDLINE、心理学和行为科学收藏、APA PsycInfo、CINAHL Plus 全文和 APA PsycArticles(通过 EBSCOhost)。搜索于 2023 年 1 月 16 日进行。在使用纳入和排除标准对标题/摘要和全文进行筛选后,确定了 26 篇文章。经过批判性评估,有 24 篇文章被纳入综述。使用 Penchansky 和 Thomas 分类法的矩阵提取数据,Saurman 扩展了该矩阵,重点关注获得医疗保健的六个方面:负担能力、可及性、可用性、适应性、可接受性和意识。十项研究发生在亚洲,十项研究来自美洲,四项研究发生在非洲地区。十七篇文章是定性的,两篇是定量的,五篇是混合方法。综合评价的方法在一份方案中预先规定,并在开放科学框架中注册。
结果:确定的障碍包括负担能力;社区对服务的认识,包括提供者和妇女之间沟通不畅;服务的可用性,工作人员经常不在设施中;服务质量差,不考虑原住民的文化和精神需求;过度依赖生物医学模式;缺乏设施以确保适当的产妇护理;服务不能满足妇女的日常需求,包括工作和家庭责任;卫生专业人员对原住民文化缺乏了解;以及产科暴力和虐待原住民妇女的证据。
结论:原住民妇女获得孕产妇保健服务的障碍是由原住民的社会排斥和边缘化造成的。需要赋予 LMICs 中原住民妇女和社区权力,并采取措施挑战他们面临的污名化和边缘化。需要社区参与设计和干预措施,以支持原住民的政治和人权。本综述的局限性包括可能会错过一些文章,因为文章有时不清楚特定群体是否来自原住民社区。仍然需要更多关于产后服务获取的研究,以及高质量的定量研究。在北非和撒哈拉以南非洲,以及 COVID-19 对服务获取的影响,也缺乏对原住民群体的研究。
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