Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
AquaMem Consultants, Rodeo, NM, USA.
Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2024 May;28(5):437-459. doi: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2362675. Epub 2024 Jun 7.
BACKGROUND: Hypertension worsens outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 patients. Sartans, a type of antihypertensive angiotensin receptor blocker-(ARB), reduce COVID-19 morbidity and mortality by targeting angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2). This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral and antihypertensive effects of nirmatrelvir, commercial sartans (candesartan, losartan, and losartan carboxylic (Exp3174)), and newly synthesized sartans (benzimidazole-N-biphenyl carboxyl (ACC519C) and benzimidazole-N-biphenyl tetrazole (ACC519T)), compared to nirmatrelvir, the antiviral component of Paxlovid. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and enzymatic studies assessed drug effects on ACE2. Antiviral abilities were tested with SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 cells, and antihypertensive effects were evaluated using angiotensin II-contracted rabbit iliac arteries. RESULTS: Benzimidazole-based candesartan and ACC519C showed antiviral activity comparable to nirmatrelvir (95% inhibition). Imidazole-based losartan, Exp3174, and ACC519T were less potent (75%-80% and 50%, respectively), with Exp3174 being the least effective. SPR analysis indicated high sartans-ACE2 binding affinity. Candesartan and nirmatrelvir combined had greater inhibitory and cytopathic effects (3.96%) than individually (6.10% and 5.08%). ACE2 enzymatic assays showed varying effects of novel sartans on ACE2. ACC519T significantly reduced angiotensin II-mediated contraction, unlike nirmatrelvir and ACC519T(2). CONCLUSION: This study reports the discovery of a new class of benzimidazole-based sartans that significantly inhibit SARS-CoV-2, likely due to their interaction with ACE2.
背景:高血压会使 SARS-CoV-2 患者的预后恶化。沙坦类药物,一种血管紧张素受体阻滞剂(ARB),通过靶向血管紧张素转换酶 2(ACE2),降低了 COVID-19 的发病率和死亡率。本研究旨在评估尼马曲韦、市售沙坦类药物(坎地沙坦、氯沙坦和氯沙坦羧酸(Exp3174))以及新合成的沙坦类药物(苯并咪唑-N-联苯羧基(ACC519C)和苯并咪唑-N-联苯四唑(ACC519T))的抗病毒和降压作用,与 Paxlovid 的抗病毒成分尼马曲韦相比。
研究设计和方法:表面等离子体共振(SPR)和酶学研究评估了药物对 ACE2 的作用。使用 SARS-CoV-2 感染的 Vero E6 细胞测试抗病毒能力,并用血管紧张素 II 收缩的兔髂动脉评估降压作用。
结果:基于苯并咪唑的坎地沙坦和 ACC519C 显示出与尼马曲韦相当的抗病毒活性(95%抑制)。基于咪唑的氯沙坦、Exp3174 和 ACC519T 则效果较弱(分别为 75%-80%和 50%),其中 Exp3174 效果最差。SPR 分析表明,沙坦类药物与 ACE2 具有高结合亲和力。坎地沙坦和尼马曲韦联合使用比单独使用具有更强的抑制和细胞病变作用(3.96%和 6.10%和 5.08%)。ACE2 酶学测定显示,新型沙坦类药物对 ACE2 有不同的影响。与尼马曲韦和 ACC519T 不同,ACC519T 显著降低了血管紧张素 II 介导的收缩。
结论:本研究报告了一类新的苯并咪唑基沙坦类药物的发现,它们能显著抑制 SARS-CoV-2,可能是由于它们与 ACE2 的相互作用。
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