Dallimore Carolyn J, Smith Kenny, Hutchison Jacqui, Slessor Gillian, Martin Douglas
University of Aberdeen, UK.
The University of Edinburgh, UK.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2024 Jun 3:1461672241254695. doi: 10.1177/01461672241254695.
We explore whether societal gender stereotypes re-emerge as social information is repeatedly passed from person to person. We examined whether peoples' memories of personality attributes associated with female and male social targets became increasingly consistent with societal gender stereotypes as information was passed down social transmission chains. After passing through the memories of just four generations of participants, our initially gender-balanced micro-societies became rife with traditional gender stereotypes. While we found some evidence of the re-emergence of gender stereotypes in Experiment 1, we found the effects were stronger when targets appeared in a feminine-stereotyped occupational context (Experiment 2), and a masculine-stereotyped occupational context (Experiment 3); conversely, the re-emergence of gender stereotypes was attenuated when targets appeared in a single gender context (Experiment 4). The current findings demonstrate that gender schematic memory bias, if widely shared, might cause gender stereotypes to be maintained through cultural evolution.
我们探究随着社会信息在人与人之间反复传递，社会性别刻板印象是否会再次出现。我们研究了随着信息在社会传播链中传递，人们对与女性和男性社会目标相关的人格特质的记忆是否越来越符合社会性别刻板印象。在仅仅经过四代参与者的记忆传递后，我们最初性别平衡的微观社会中就充斥着传统的性别刻板印象。虽然我们在实验1中发现了一些性别刻板印象再次出现的证据，但我们发现当目标出现在具有女性刻板印象的职业背景中（实验2）以及具有男性刻板印象的职业背景中（实验3）时，这种效应更强；相反，当目标出现在单一性别背景中时（实验4），性别刻板印象的再次出现就会减弱。当前的研究结果表明，如果广泛存在，性别图式记忆偏差可能会导致性别刻板印象通过文化进化得以维持。
