Physiological Microenvironment Dependent Self-Cross-Linking of Multifunctional Nanohybrid for Prolonged Antibacterial Therapy via Synergistic Chemodynamic-Photothermal-Biological Processes.

Herein, a multifunctional nanohybrid (PL@HPF nanoparticles) was fabricated to perform the integration of chemodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and biological therapy over the long term at a designed location for continuous antibacterial applications. The PL@HPF nanoparticles consisted of a polydopamine/hemoglobin/Fe nanocomplex with comodification of tetrazole/alkene groups on the surface as well as coloading of antimicrobial peptides and luminol in the core. During therapy, the PL@HPF nanoparticles would selectively cross-link to surrounding bacteria via tetrazole/alkene cycloaddition under chemiluminescence produced by the reaction between luminol and overexpressed HO at the infected area. The resulting PL@HPF network not only significantly damaged bacteria by Fe-catalyzed ROS production, effective photothermal conversion, and sustained release of antimicrobial peptides but dramatically enhanced the retention time of these therapeutic agents for prolonged antibacterial therapy. Both and results have shown that our PL@HPF nanoparticles have much higher bactericidal efficiency and remarkably longer periods of validity than free antibacterial nanoparticles.