McLone D G, Naidich T P
Neurosurgery. 1985 Jan;16(1):36-43.
Terminal myelocystoceles constitute approximately 5% of skin-covered lumbosacral masses and are especially common in patients with cloacal exstrophy. Pathologically, terminal myelocystocele consists of (a) a skin-covered lumbosacral spina bifida (b) an arachnoid-lined meningocele that is directly continuous with the spinal subarachnoid space; and (c) a low-lying, hydromyelic spinal cord that traverses the meningocele and then expands into a large terminal cyst. The terminal cyst bulges into the extraarachnoid compartment caudal to the meningocele and forms a distal sac that does not communicate with the subarachnoid space. The terminal cyst is lined by ependyma and dysplastic glia, is directly continuous with the dilated central canal of the cord, and probably represents a ballooned terminal ventricle. Patients with terminal myelocystocele have normal intellectual potential and are usually born without neurological deficit, so these defects must be identified and repaired early, before the onset or progression of lower extremity pareses.
终末脊髓脊膜膨出约占腰骶部有皮肤覆盖肿物的5%，在泄殖腔外翻患者中尤为常见。病理上，终末脊髓脊膜膨出由以下部分组成：（a）有皮肤覆盖的腰骶部脊柱裂；（b）蛛网膜衬里的脊膜膨出，与脊髓蛛网膜下腔直接相连；（c）低位、积水性脊髓，穿过脊膜膨出后扩展为一个大的终末囊肿。终末囊肿向脊膜膨出尾侧的蛛网膜外间隙膨出，形成一个与蛛网膜下腔不连通的远端囊。终末囊肿内衬室管膜和发育异常的神经胶质，与脊髓扩张的中央管直接相连，可能代表一个膨出的终末脑室。终末脊髓脊膜膨出患者智力潜能正常，出生时通常无神经功能缺损，因此这些缺陷必须在下肢轻瘫发作或进展之前尽早识别并修复。
