Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 May 20;12:1371253. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1371253. eCollection 2024.
This study assesses the changes over time and geographical locations in the disease burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) attributed to ambient particulate matter pollution (APMP) from 1990 to 2019 in 204 countries and regions with different socio-demographic indexes (SDI).
The Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 (GBD2019) database was used to analyze the global burden of T2D attributed to APMP. This study evaluated both the age-standardized death rate (ASDR) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) related to T2D, comparing data from 1990 to 2019. Estimated Annual Percentage Changes (EAPCs) were also utilized to investigate the trends over the 30-year study period.
The global age-standardized DALY rate and ASDR exhibited an increasing trend, with an EAPC of 2.21 (95% CI: 2.15 to 2.27) and 1.50 (95% CI: 1.43 to 1.58), respectively. This rise was most notable among older adult populations, men, regions in Africa and Asia, as well as low-middle SDI regions. In 2019, the ASDR for T2D caused by APMP was recorded at 2.47 per 100,000 population, while the DALY rate stood at 108.98 per 100,000 population. Males and countries with middle SDI levels displayed significantly high age-standardized death and DALY rates, particularly noticeable in Southern Sub-Saharan Africa. Conversely, regions with high SDI levels like High-income North America demonstrated decreasing trends.
This study reveals a significant increase in T2D worldwide as a result of APMP from 1990 to 2019, with a particular emphasis on its impact on men, the older adult, and regions with low to middle SDI levels. These results underscore the urgent necessity for implementing policies aimed at addressing air pollution in order to reduce the prevalence of T2D, especially in the areas most heavily affected.
本研究评估了 1990 年至 2019 年期间，在具有不同社会人口指数（SDI）的 204 个国家和地区，环境颗粒物污染（APMP）导致的 2 型糖尿病（T2D）疾病负担的时间和地理位置变化。
利用全球疾病负担研究 2019 年（GBD2019）数据库分析 APMP 导致的 T2D 的全球负担。本研究评估了与 T2D 相关的年龄标准化死亡率（ASDR）和残疾调整生命年（DALY），比较了 1990 年至 2019 年的数据。还利用估计年平均百分比变化（EAPC）来研究 30 年研究期间的趋势。
全球年龄标准化 DALY 率和 ASDR 呈上升趋势，EAPC 分别为 2.21（95%CI：2.15 至 2.27）和 1.50（95%CI：1.43 至 1.58）。这种增长在老年人口、男性、非洲和亚洲地区以及中低 SDI 地区最为显著。2019 年，APMP 导致的 T2D 的 ASDR 为每 10 万人 2.47 人，DALY 率为每 10 万人 108.98 人。中 SDI 水平的男性和国家的年龄标准化死亡率和 DALY 率明显较高，特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲南部地区。相反，高 SDI 水平的地区，如北美高收入地区，呈下降趋势。
本研究表明，1990 年至 2019 年期间，由于 APMP，全球范围内 T2D 显著增加，特别是对男性、老年人口和中低 SDI 水平地区的影响。这些结果强调了迫切需要实施旨在解决空气污染问题的政策，以降低 T2D 的患病率，特别是在受影响最严重的地区。
