Jebastin Thomas, Syed Abuthakir M H, Santhoshi Ilangovan, Gnanaraj Muniraj, Gatasheh Mansour K, Ahamed Anis, Sharmila Velusamy
Computer Aided Drug Designing Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, 620017, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
Heliyon. 2024 May 22;10(11):e31713. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31713. eCollection 2024 Jun 15.
Humans benefit from a vast community of microorganisms in their gastrointestinal tract, known as the gut microbiota, numbering in the tens of trillions. An imbalance in the gut microbiota known as dysbiosis, can lead to changes in the metabolite profile, elevating the levels of toxins like toxin (BFT), colibactin, and cytolethal distending toxin. These toxins are implicated in the process of oncogenesis. However, a significant portion of the genome consists of functionally uncharacterized and hypothetical proteins. This study delves into the functional characterization of hypothetical proteins (HPs) encoded by the genome, employing a systematic approach. A total of 379 HPs were subjected to a BlastP homology search against the NCBI non-redundant protein sequence database, resulting in 162 HPs devoid of identity to known proteins. CDD-Blast identified 106 HPs with functional domains, which were then annotated using Pfam, InterPro, SUPERFAMILY, SCANPROSITE, SMART, and CATH. Physicochemical properties, such as molecular weight, isoelectric point, and stability indices, were assessed for 60 HPs whose functional domains were identified by at least three of the aforementioned bioinformatic tools. Subsequently, subcellular localization analysis was examined and the gene ontology analysis revealed diverse biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. Remarkably, E1WPR3 was identified as a virulent and essential gene among the HPs. This study presents a comprehensive exploration of HPs, shedding light on their potential roles and contributing to a deeper understanding of this organism's functional landscape.
人类受益于其胃肠道中庞大的微生物群落，即肠道微生物群，其数量达数万亿之多。肠道微生物群的失衡，即生态失调，会导致代谢物谱的变化，提高诸如毒素（BFT）、大肠杆菌素和细胞致死性膨胀毒素等毒素的水平。这些毒素与肿瘤发生过程有关。然而，该基因组的很大一部分由功能未表征的假设蛋白组成。本研究采用系统方法深入探究该基因组编码的假设蛋白（HPs）的功能特性。总共379个HPs针对NCBI非冗余蛋白质序列数据库进行了BlastP同源性搜索，结果有162个HPs与已知蛋白质无同源性。CDD-Blast鉴定出106个具有功能结构域的HPs，然后使用Pfam、InterPro、SUPERFAMILY、SCANPROSITE、SMART和CATH对其进行注释。对60个功能结构域由上述至少三种生物信息学工具鉴定出的HPs评估了其物理化学性质，如分子量、等电点和稳定性指数。随后进行了亚细胞定位分析，基因本体分析揭示了不同的生物学过程、细胞成分和分子功能。值得注意的是，E1WPR3在HPs中被鉴定为一个毒性和必需基因。本研究对该HPs进行了全面探索，揭示了它们的潜在作用，并有助于更深入地了解该生物体的功能格局。
