Kersey Jessica, Lane Rachel, Kringle Emily A, Hammel Joy
Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Biostatistics Core, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Disabil Rehabil. 2025 Feb;47(4):919-925. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2360639. Epub 2024 Jun 4.
To describe disparities in community participation during the COVID-19 pandemic among people with disabilities.
Respondents to Phase 3.3 of the COVID Household Pulse Survey (US Census Bureau) were classified by disability status. Risk ratios and risk differences were computed to compare the risk of poor outcomes on economic participation, community service use, and community activities by disability status - both overall (compared to the nondisabled reference) and by race/ethnicity (each subgroup compared to the White nondisabled reference).
At least one type of disability was reported by 59.6% of respondents. People with disabilities were more likely to report in-person medical appointments but were at greater risk of poor outcomes across all other outcomes [risk ratio range = 1.01(1.01-1.02) to 1.91(1.80-2.01), risk difference range = 1.0(0.5-1.5) to 13.4(12.6-14.2)]. The disabled Black and disabled Hispanic/Latino groups experienced disproportionately high risk of poor outcomes across all indicators [risk ratio range = 1.0 (1.0-1.1) to 6.1 (5.0-7.1), risk difference range = 3.2 (1.9-4.4) to 33.1 (30.1-35.4)].
The high number of people reporting disability, along with the notable disparities in community participation outcomes among those reporting disability, suggest the need for expanded rehabilitation services and community supports to enhance participation.
描述新冠疫情期间残疾人群体在社区参与方面的差异。
对美国人口普查局新冠家庭脉搏调查第3.3阶段的受访者按残疾状况进行分类。计算风险比率和风险差异，以比较不同残疾状况下在经济参与、社区服务使用和社区活动方面出现不良结果的风险——总体情况（与非残疾参照组相比）以及按种族/族裔划分（每个亚组与非残疾白人参照组相比）。
59.6%的受访者报告至少有一种残疾类型。残疾人士更有可能报告进行面对面的医疗预约，但在所有其他结果方面出现不良结果的风险更高[风险比率范围 = 1.01(1.01 - 1.02)至1.91(1.80 - 2.01)，风险差异范围 = 1.0(0.5 - 1.5)至13.4(12.6 - 14.2)]。残疾黑人群体和残疾西班牙裔/拉丁裔群体在所有指标上出现不良结果的风险都异常高[风险比率范围 = 1.0(1.0 - 1.1)至6.1(5.0 - 7.1)，风险差异范围 = 3.2(1.9 - 4.4)至33.1(30.1 - 35.4)]。
报告残疾的人数众多，以及报告残疾者在社区参与结果方面存在显著差异，这表明需要扩大康复服务和社区支持以提高参与度。
