Harrison Shane, Chenhall Richard Dean, Block Karen, Rashid Sabina Faiz, Vaughan Cathy
Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2024 Jun 4;4(6):e0003278. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003278. eCollection 2024.
Adolescent boys (age 9-19) are impacted differently by humanitarian emergencies. However, academic research on adolescent health and child protection has tended to focus on the direct impacts of an emergency rather than indirect impacts that may arise after a crisis. We sought to identify child protection concerns affecting adolescent boys in emergency settings and boys who are more vulnerable to harm through a case study of the humanitarian response to the 2017 Rohingya refugee crisis. We collected data in the Rohingya refugee crisis in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh between 2018-2019. This included six months of participant observation, 23 semi-structured interviews and 12 informal ethnographic interviews with humanitarian staff working in the crisis, and 10 focus group discussions with a total of 52 child protection caseworkers from four child protection organisations. Our results showed that adolescent Rohingya boys were exposed to numerous protection concerns, including child labour, drug trafficking, substance abuse, family violence, and neglect. We classified these into three main typologies: community-related violence, income-related violence, and life-stage vulnerabilities. We found that adolescent boys who were unaccompanied or separated from their caregivers, adolescent boys who were members of vulnerable households, and adolescent boys with a disability were at more risk of harm. Our findings indicate that adolescent boys are exposed to an array of impactful child protection concerns in humanitarian emergencies and that this has implications for the delivery of public health and child protection interventions. We believe that humanitarian actors should improve recognition of the complexity of adolescent boys' lives and their exposure to gender and age-based harm as a critical matter for addressing adolescent health equity.
青少年男性（9至19岁）受人道主义紧急情况的影响各不相同。然而，关于青少年健康和儿童保护的学术研究往往侧重于紧急情况的直接影响，而非危机过后可能出现的间接影响。通过对2017年罗兴亚难民危机人道主义应对措施的案例研究，我们试图确定在紧急情况下影响青少年男性的儿童保护问题，以及更易受到伤害的男孩。2018年至2019年期间，我们在孟加拉国科克斯巴扎尔的罗兴亚难民危机中收集了数据。这包括对在危机中工作的人道主义工作人员进行为期六个月的参与观察、23次半结构化访谈和12次非正式人种志访谈，以及与来自四个儿童保护组织的总共52名儿童保护个案工作者进行10次焦点小组讨论。我们的结果表明，罗兴亚青少年男性面临众多保护问题，包括童工、贩毒、药物滥用、家庭暴力和忽视。我们将这些问题分为三种主要类型：与社区相关的暴力、与收入相关的暴力和生命阶段的脆弱性。我们发现，无人陪伴或与照顾者分离的青少年男性、弱势家庭的青少年男性以及残疾青少年男性受到伤害的风险更高。我们的研究结果表明，在人道主义紧急情况下，青少年男性面临一系列有影响力的儿童保护问题，这对公共卫生和儿童保护干预措施的实施具有影响。我们认为，人道主义行为体应更好地认识到青少年男性生活的复杂性以及他们面临基于性别和年龄的伤害，这是解决青少年健康公平问题的关键所在。
