Kovaleva Olga, Podlesnaya Polina, Gratchev Alexei
N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.
Oncol Rev. 2024 May 21;18:1393664. doi: 10.3389/or.2024.1393664. eCollection 2024.
Emerging research has uncovered the significance of microbiota in carcinogenesis, with specific bacterial infectious agents linked to around 15% of malignant tumors. This review is focused on the resident kidney microbiome, its composition, and alterations in various diseases. Recent studies have shown that bacteria can infiltrate the kidney, with differences between normal and tumor tissue. These studies have identified distinctive microorganisms unique to both conditions, hinting at their potential clinical relevance. Research into the kidney microbiome diversity reveals differences in tumor tissue, with specific taxa associated with different histological types. Notably, the alpha diversity indices suggest variations in bacterial content between tumor and normal tissue, offering insights into potential diagnostic and prognostic use of these markers. Better studied is the impact of the gut microbiome on therapy efficacy in malignant kidney tumors. Antibiotics, which can alter the gut microbiome, have been linked to survival outcomes in patients receiving targeted therapy and immunotherapy. The findings suggest that the uncontrolled use of antibiotics may not only contribute to bacterial resistance but also disrupt the normal microbiome, potentially influencing the development of oncological diseases. In-depth investigation into the resident kidney microbiome is essential for addressing fundamental and practical aspects of kidney tumor development.
新兴研究揭示了微生物群在致癌过程中的重要性,约15%的恶性肿瘤与特定的细菌感染因子有关。本综述聚焦于肾脏常驻微生物群、其组成以及在各种疾病中的变化。最近的研究表明,细菌可侵入肾脏,正常组织和肿瘤组织之间存在差异。这些研究已经确定了两种情况下独特的微生物,暗示了它们潜在的临床相关性。对肾脏微生物群多样性的研究揭示了肿瘤组织中的差异,特定的分类群与不同的组织学类型相关。值得注意的是,α多样性指数表明肿瘤组织和正常组织之间细菌含量存在差异,为这些标志物的潜在诊断和预后用途提供了见解。对肠道微生物群对恶性肾肿瘤治疗疗效的影响研究得更为深入。抗生素可改变肠道微生物群,已发现其与接受靶向治疗和免疫治疗患者的生存结果有关。研究结果表明,抗生素的无节制使用不仅可能导致细菌耐药性,还可能破坏正常微生物群,潜在影响肿瘤疾病的发展。深入研究肾脏常驻微生物群对于解决肾肿瘤发展的基础和实际问题至关重要。