Martin J R, Porchet H, Bühler R, Bircher J
Am J Physiol. 1985 Mar;248(3 Pt 1):G287-92. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1985.248.3.G287.
In a series of experiments, it was demonstrated that male rats with end-to-side portacaval shunts (PCS) consumed more ethanol and exhibited higher blood ethanol levels than sham-operated control animals in chronic tests with 2% ethanol and water ad libitum. Ethanol intake in the 6 h prior to blood sampling was 2-5 times and blood ethanol 10-50 times higher in PCS than control rats. These effects were not due to the feminization of male rats occurring after a PCS, since female PCS rats exhibited comparable increases of ethanol intake and blood ethanol. In both sexes ethanol elimination rate and alcohol dehydrogenase activity per total liver were lower after PCS than in control rats, explaining the disproportionate increase in blood ethanol relative to ethanol intake. Interestingly, ethanol intake was not abnormal in PCS rats fed a low-protein, low-tryptophan diet (corn) alone or as a supplement to the usual chow diet. Such dietary modulation of ethanol preference in this animal model of chronic liver dysfunction merits further attention.
在一系列实验中，结果表明，在慢性试验中，当自由摄取2%乙醇和水时，接受端侧门腔分流术（PCS）的雄性大鼠比接受假手术的对照动物消耗更多乙醇，且血液乙醇水平更高。在采血前6小时，PCS大鼠的乙醇摄入量是对照大鼠的2至5倍，血液乙醇水平是对照大鼠的10至50倍。这些影响并非由于PCS后雄性大鼠出现雌性化，因为雌性PCS大鼠的乙醇摄入量和血液乙醇水平也有类似增加。在两性中，PCS后每单位全肝的乙醇消除率和酒精脱氢酶活性均低于对照大鼠，这解释了血液乙醇相对于乙醇摄入量不成比例的增加。有趣的是，单独喂食低蛋白、低色氨酸饮食（玉米）或作为常规饲料补充的PCS大鼠，其乙醇摄入量并无异常。在这种慢性肝功能不全动物模型中，这种对乙醇偏好的饮食调节值得进一步关注。
