Tucker H M, Broniatowski M, Chase S
Arch Otolaryngol. 1985 Mar;111(3):187-9. doi: 10.1001/archotol.1985.00800050081012.
Surgeons whose patients require long-term management of nutritional intake must usually choose from among nasogastric tube feedings, hyperalimentation by intravenous route, and/or gastrostomy. Cervical esophagostomy has been a useful but not widely employed alternative. The advantages of cervical esophagostomy over other modalities include the avoidance of laparotomy, absence of a nasogastric tube, and lack of the complications of a long-term indwelling intravenous catheter. The disadvantages of standard esophagostomy include the need to wear a tube to keep the fistula open, leakage, and skin irritation. Dobie et al presented a skin flap esophagostomy technique in 1978. We report a variation of this concept that has resulted in no salivary leakage and that allows the patient to dispense a tube between feedings. It provides a directional stoma in which the internal orifice is considerably inferior to the external one, resulting in continence and thus preventing substantial leakage.
其患者需要长期进行营养摄入管理的外科医生通常必须在鼻胃管喂养、静脉途径高营养和/或胃造口术之间做出选择。颈段食管造口术一直是一种有用但未被广泛采用的替代方法。颈段食管造口术相对于其他方式的优点包括避免开腹手术、无需鼻胃管以及没有长期留置静脉导管的并发症。标准食管造口术的缺点包括需要佩戴管子以保持瘘口开放、漏液以及皮肤刺激。多比等人于1978年提出了一种皮瓣食管造口术技术。我们报告了这一概念的一种变体,其结果是没有唾液漏出,并且允许患者在喂食间隔期间取下管子。它提供了一个定向造口,其中内口明显低于外口,从而实现节制,进而防止大量漏液。