Wang Di, Chang Yue, Nan Weijin, Zhang Yan
Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024 May 22;12:1366408. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1366408. eCollection 2024.
This study aims to investigate the differences in binocular corneal parameters and their interrelation with binocular biometric parameters asymmetry in patients with simple myopic anisometropia, thereby elucidating the influence of myopia process on various corneal parameters.
In this cross-sectional study, 65 patients with anisometropia in monocular myopia were included. They were divided into low anisometropia group: 3.00D<Δ spherical equivalent (SE)≤-1.00D (Δ represents the difference between the two eyes, i.e., myopic data minus emmetropic data) and high anisometropia group: ΔSE ≤ -3.00D. Corneal and ocular biometric parameters were measured using Pentacam, Corvis ST, and IOL Master 700. Statistical analyses focused on the binocular corneal parameters asymmetry, using the contralateral emmetropia as a control.
The mean age of participants was 18.5 ± 1.3 years, with the average SE for myopia and emmetropia being -2.93 ± 1.09D and -0.16 ± 0.41D, respectively. The central corneal thickness (CCT), flat keratometry (Kf), keratometry astigmatism (Ka), total corneal aberration (6 mm) (TOA), surface variance index (ISV), vertical asymmetry index (IVA), stress-strain index (SSI), and first applanation stiffness parameter (SPA1) and ambrosia relational thickness-horizontal (ARTh) showed significant differences between anisometropic fellow eyes ( < 0.05). There were significant differences in ΔIVA, Δ the difference between the mean refractive power of the inferior and superior corneas (I-S), Δ deviation value of Belin/Ambrósio enhanced ectasia display (BAD-D), Δ deformation amplitude ratio max (2 mm) (DAR)and Δ tomographic biomechanical index (TBI) ( < 0.05) in two groups. Asymmetry of corneal parameters was correlated with asymmetry of ocular biometric parameters. Anisometropia (ΔSE) was positively correlated with ΔIVA (r = 0.255, = 0.040), ΔBAD-D (r = 0.360, = 0.006), and ΔSSI (r = 0.276, = 0.039) and negatively correlated with ΔDAR (r = -0.329, = 0.013) in multiple regression analysis. Δ mean keratometry (Km), Δ anterior chamber depth (ACD), and Δ biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure (bIOP) were also associated with binocular corneal differences.
Compared to contralateral emmetropia, myopic eyes have thinner corneas and smaller corneal astigmatism. Myopic corneas exhibit relatively more regular surface morphology but are more susceptible to deformation and possess marginally inferior biomechanical properties. In addition, there is a certain correlation between anisometropia and corneal parameter asymmetry, which would be instrumental in predicting the development of myopia.
本研究旨在探讨单纯性近视性屈光参差患者双眼角膜参数的差异及其与双眼生物测量参数不对称性的相互关系，从而阐明近视过程对各种角膜参数的影响。
在这项横断面研究中，纳入了65名单眼近视性屈光参差患者。他们被分为低屈光参差组：3.00D<等效球镜度差值（SE）≤-1.00D（Δ表示双眼差值，即近视数据减去正视数据）和高屈光参差组：ΔSE≤-3.00D。使用Pentacam、Corvis ST和IOL Master 700测量角膜和眼部生物测量参数。统计分析聚焦于双眼角膜参数不对称性，以对侧正视眼作为对照。
参与者的平均年龄为18.5±1.3岁，近视和正视的平均SE分别为-2.93±1.09D和-0.16±0.41D。中央角膜厚度（CCT）、平坦角膜曲率（Kf）、角膜曲率散光（Ka）、全角膜像差（6mm）（TOA）、表面方差指数（ISV）、垂直不对称指数（IVA）、应力应变指数（SSI）、首次压平刚度参数（SPA1）和水平方向的安布罗西相关厚度（ARTh）在屈光参差的对侧眼中存在显著差异（<0.05）。两组间在ΔIVA、角膜上下平均屈光力差值（I-S）、贝林/安布罗西增强型扩张显示偏差值（BAD-D）、最大变形幅度比（2mm）（DAR）和断层生物力学指数（TBI）的差值方面存在显著差异（<0.05）。角膜参数的不对称性与眼部生物测量参数的不对称性相关。在多元回归分析中，屈光参差（ΔSE）与ΔIVA（r = 0.255，P = 0.040）、ΔBAD-D（r = 0.360，P = 0.006）和ΔSSI（r = 0.276，P = 0.039）呈正相关，与ΔDAR（r = -0.329，P = 0.013）呈负相关。平均角膜曲率差值（Km）、前房深度差值（ACD）和生物力学校正眼压差值（bIOP）也与双眼角膜差异有关。
与对侧正视眼相比，近视眼的角膜更薄，角膜散光更小。近视角膜表面形态相对更规则，但更容易变形，生物力学性能略差。此外，屈光参差与角膜参数不对称性之间存在一定相关性，这有助于预测近视的发展。
