Murtazalieva Khalimat, Mu Andre, Petrovskaya Aleksandra, Finn Robert D
European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, UK; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, UK; Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
Trends Microbiol. 2024 Dec;32(12):1212-1228. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2024.05.005. Epub 2024 Jun 5.
The biological interplay between phages and bacteria has driven the evolution of phage anti-defence systems (ADSs), which evade bacterial defence mechanisms. These ADSs bind and inhibit host defence proteins, add covalent modifications and deactivate defence proteins, degrade or sequester signalling molecules utilised by host defence systems, synthesise and restore essential molecules depleted by bacterial defences, or add covalent modifications to phage molecules to avoid recognition. Overall, 145 phage ADSs have been characterised to date. These ADSs counteract 27 of the 152 different bacterial defence families, and we hypothesise that many more ADSs are yet to be discovered. We discuss high-throughput approaches (computational and experimental) which are indispensable for discovering new ADSs and the limitations of these approaches. A comprehensive characterisation of phage ADSs is critical for understanding phage-host interplay and developing clinical applications, such as treatment for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.
噬菌体与细菌之间的生物学相互作用推动了噬菌体抗防御系统（ADSs）的进化，这些系统可规避细菌的防御机制。这些ADSs可结合并抑制宿主防御蛋白、进行共价修饰并使防御蛋白失活、降解或隔离宿主防御系统利用的信号分子、合成并恢复被细菌防御消耗的必需分子，或对噬菌体分子进行共价修饰以避免被识别。总体而言，迄今已鉴定出145种噬菌体ADSs。这些ADSs可对抗152个不同细菌防御家族中的27个，我们推测还有更多的ADSs有待发现。我们讨论了高通量方法（计算和实验方法），这些方法对于发现新的ADSs不可或缺，同时也讨论了这些方法的局限性。对噬菌体ADSs进行全面表征对于理解噬菌体-宿主相互作用以及开发临床应用（如治疗多重耐药细菌感染）至关重要。
