School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, 1301 North Columbia Road Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA.
Department of Education, Health & Behavior, University of North Dakota, 231 Centennial Drive Stop 7189, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Jun 7;24(1):1539. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19056-x.
Vaccination is one of the greatest tools for individuals to stay healthy. Individuals are, however, often exposed to misinformation via digital and social media, and thus, may miss the opportunity to develop scientific knowledge about vaccines and trust in relevant stakeholders. This has a damaging impact on vaccine confidence. Understanding vaccine confidence is particularly important in North Dakota, where vaccination rates are lower than national averages.
The objectives of this research are to examine the association between vaccine confidence and three potential sources of it, namely, trust, vaccine knowledge, and vaccine information sources and to investigate the relative strength of three vaccine confidence sources, while accounting for covariates.
Students (n = 517, 56.6%) and staff and faculty (n = 397, 43.4%) at the University of North Dakota (n = 914) completed an online survey. Logistic regressions estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations among trust in doctors, family/friends, government health agencies, charitable organizations, and religious organizations, vaccine knowledge, vaccine information sources as well as vaccine confidence, accounting for gender, race, marital status, age, religion, political ideology, education, and health status.
The mean age of participants was 29.43 years (SD = 13.48). Most were females (71.6%) and white (91.5%). Great trust in doctors (OR = 3.29, p < 0.001, 95%CI 1.89, 5.73) government health agencies (OR = 2.95, p < 0.001, 95%CI 2.13, 4.08) and vaccine knowledge (OR = 1.28, p < 0.001, 95%CI 1.18, 1.38) had higher odds of vaccine confidence. Using Internet Government source as the primary source of vaccine information (OR = 1.73, p < 0.05, 95%CI 1.22, 2.44) showed higher odds of vaccine confidence before all independent variables were introduced, but it became non-significant after they were introduced. Trust in government health agencies showed strongest associations with vaccine confidence.
Multiple stakeholders are necessary to ensure verified, accessible, and accurate information in order to advance vaccine confidence in rural, conservative areas.
接种疫苗是个人保持健康的最有力工具之一。然而，个人经常通过数字和社交媒体接触到错误信息，因此可能会错过发展疫苗科学知识和信任相关利益攸关方的机会。这对疫苗信心产生了破坏性影响。在北达科他州，疫苗接种率低于全国平均水平，因此了解疫苗信心尤其重要。
本研究的目的是检验疫苗信心与三个潜在来源（即信任、疫苗知识和疫苗信息来源）之间的关联，并在考虑协变量的情况下，调查三个疫苗信心来源的相对强度。
北达科他大学（n=914）的学生（n=517，56.6%）和教职员工（n=397，43.4%）完成了在线调查。逻辑回归估计了医生、家人/朋友、政府卫生机构、慈善组织和宗教组织的信任、疫苗知识、疫苗信息来源以及疫苗信心之间的关联的优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI），同时考虑了性别、种族、婚姻状况、年龄、宗教、政治意识形态、教育和健康状况。
参与者的平均年龄为 29.43 岁（SD=13.48）。大多数参与者为女性（71.6%）和白人（91.5%）。对医生（OR=3.29，p<0.001，95%CI 1.89，5.73）、政府卫生机构（OR=2.95，p<0.001，95%CI 2.13，4.08）和疫苗知识（OR=1.28，p<0.001，95%CI 1.18，1.38）的高度信任与更高的疫苗信心几率相关。使用互联网政府来源作为疫苗信息的主要来源（OR=1.73，p<0.05，95%CI 1.22，2.44），在引入所有自变量之前显示出更高的疫苗信心几率，但在引入自变量后，该几率变得不显著。对政府卫生机构的信任与疫苗信心之间的关联最强。
为了在农村和保守地区提高疫苗信心，需要多个利益攸关方确保信息得到核实、可访问和准确。
