College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Jun 8;24(1):517. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05218-x.
C. Oleifera is among the world's largest four woody plants known for their edible oil production, yet the contribution rate of improved varieties is less than 20%. The species traditional breeding is lengthy cycle (20-30 years), occupation of land resources, high labor cost, and low accuracy and efficiency, which can be enhanced by molecular marker-assisted selection. However, the lack of high-quality molecular markers hinders the species genetic analysis and molecular breeding.
Through quantitative traits characterization, genetic diversity assessment, and association studies, we generated a selection population with wide genetic diversity, and identified five excellent high-yield parental combinations associated with four reliable high-yield ISSR markers. Early selection criteria were determined based on kernel fresh weight and cultivated 1-year seedling height, aided by the identification of these 4 ISSR markers. Specific assignment of selected individuals as paternal and maternal parents was made to capitalize on their unique attributes.
Our results indicated that molecular markers-assisted breeding can effectively shorten, enhance selection accuracy and efficiency and facilitate the development of a new breeding system for C. oleifera.
油橄榄是世界上最大的四种木本油料植物之一，以其可食用的油产量而闻名，但改良品种的贡献率还不到 20%。该物种的传统育种周期长（20-30 年），占用土地资源，劳动力成本高，准确性和效率低，可以通过分子标记辅助选择来提高。然而，缺乏高质量的分子标记阻碍了该物种的遗传分析和分子育种。
通过对数量性状的特征描述、遗传多样性评估和关联研究，我们产生了一个具有广泛遗传多样性的选择群体，并鉴定了五个与四个可靠的高产量 ISSR 标记相关的优良高产亲本组合。根据核仁鲜重和栽培 1 年苗高，结合这 4 个 ISSR 标记，确定了早期的选择标准。根据其独特的属性，确定了选择个体作为父本和母本的特定分配。
我们的结果表明，分子标记辅助育种可以有效地缩短、提高选择的准确性和效率，并促进油橄榄新的育种系统的发展。
