University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Disabil Health J. 2024 Oct;17(4):101646. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101646. Epub 2024 Jun 5.
Individuals with disabilities are less likely to participate in physical activity, with the greatest decline in participation during college years. Despite known health benefits, there are significant barriers that limit sport and exercise participation for students with disabilities, including adaptive access. To our knowledge, there has been no comprehensive review conducted to examine the number of adaptive sport offerings on a collegiate level.
Assess the availability of adaptive sport opportunities for students at National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division-1 Universities to better understand university-affiliated adaptive sport opportunity for students.
Website document analysis was conducted by systematically querying the general homepage, athletics page, and campus recreation websites of each NCAA Division-1 University in the United States (US). Institutional and sport-related characteristics were recorded.
Of the 358 NCAA Division-1 Universities, 20.4 % (73/358) marketed adaptive sport opportunities (recreational, club, and/or intercollegiate), with 3.9 % (11/358) acknowledging intercollegiate adaptive sport programs on their websites. Five percent (6/121) of private institutions, and 28.3 % (67/237) of public institutions reported adaptive sport opportunities. The Northeast region had the fewest number of institutions reporting adaptive sport offerings (4/67, 6.0 %). The most commonly offered sport was adaptive recreation (36/358, 10.2 %), followed by wheelchair basketball (26/358, 7.4 %).
Over three-quarters of Division-1 Universities in the US lack an online description of adaptive sport opportunity, highlighting the need for expanded resourcing and marketing of adaptive sport at the university level. Future studies are necessary to identify appropriate strategies to effectively promote sport, maximize participation and improve social inclusion.
残疾人参与体育活动的可能性较小，在大学期间参与度下降幅度最大。尽管有已知的健康益处，但对于残疾学生来说，参与运动和锻炼仍然存在许多障碍，包括适应性接入。据我们所知，尚未对大学生体育活动中提供的适应性运动项目数量进行全面审查。
评估美国全国大学体育协会（NCAA）一级大学为学生提供的适应性体育机会的数量，以更好地了解与大学相关的学生适应性体育机会。
通过系统地查询美国每所 NCAA 一级大学的主页、体育页面和校园娱乐网站，对网站文件进行了分析。记录了机构和运动相关的特征。
在 358 所 NCAA 一级大学中，有 20.4%（73/358）宣传了适应性运动机会（娱乐性、俱乐部和/或校际），其中 3.9%（11/358）在其网站上承认了校际适应性运动项目。5%（6/121）的私立机构和 28.3%（67/237）的公立机构报告了适应性运动机会。东北地区报告提供适应性运动服务的机构数量最少（4/67，6.0%）。提供的最常见运动是适应性娱乐（36/358，10.2%），其次是轮椅篮球（26/358，7.4%）。
美国超过四分之三的一级大学缺乏关于适应性体育机会的在线描述，这凸显了在大学层面扩大适应性体育资源和宣传的必要性。未来的研究有必要确定有效的策略，以促进运动，最大限度地提高参与度，并改善社会包容度。
