Sadeghian Dehkord Ehsan, De Carvalho Bruno, Ernst Marie, Albert Adelin, Lambert France, Geris Liesbet
GIGA In Silico Medicine, Biomechanics Research Unit (Biomech), University of Liège, Belgium.
Prometheus, The R&D Division for Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium.
Mater Today Bio. 2024 May 23;26:101100. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101100. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Calcium phosphate-based biomaterials (CaP) are the most widely used biomaterials to enhance bone regeneration in the treatment of alveolar bone deficiencies, cranio-maxillofacial and periodontal infrabony defects, with positive preclinical and clinical results reported. This systematic review aimed to assess the influence of the physicochemical properties of CaP biomaterials on the performance of bone regeneration in preclinical animal models.
The PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched to retrieve the preclinical studies investigating physicochemical characteristics of CaP biomaterials. The studies were screened for inclusion based on intervention (physicochemical characterization and evaluation) and reported measurable outcomes.
A total of 1532 articles were retrieved and 58 studies were ultimately included in the systematic review. A wide range of physicochemical characteristics of CaP biomaterials was found to be assessed in the included studies. Despite a high degree of heterogeneity, the meta-analysis was performed on 39 studies and evidenced significant effects of biomaterial characteristics on their bone regeneration outcomes. The study specifically showed that macropore size, Ca/P ratio, and compressive strength exerted significant influence on the formation of newly regenerated bone. Moreover, factors such as particle size, Ca/P ratio, and surface area were found to impact bone-to-material contact during the regeneration process. In terms of biodegradability, the amount of residual graft was determined by macropore size, particle size, and compressive strength.
The systematic review showed that the physicochemical characteristics of CaP biomaterials are highly determining for scaffold's performance, emphasizing its usefulness in designing the next generation of bone scaffolds to target higher rates of regeneration.
磷酸钙基生物材料（CaP）是治疗牙槽骨缺损、颅颌面和牙周骨下缺损时用于促进骨再生的应用最为广泛的生物材料，已有阳性的临床前和临床结果报道。本系统评价旨在评估CaP生物材料的物理化学性质对临床前动物模型中骨再生性能的影响。
检索PubMed、EMBASE和Web of Science数据库，以获取研究CaP生物材料物理化学特性的临床前研究。根据干预措施（物理化学特性表征和评估）和报告的可测量结果筛选纳入研究。
共检索到1532篇文章，最终58项研究纳入本系统评价。纳入研究中评估了CaP生物材料广泛的物理化学特性。尽管异质性程度较高，但对39项研究进行了荟萃分析，结果表明生物材料特性对其骨再生结果有显著影响。该研究具体表明，大孔尺寸、钙磷比和抗压强度对新再生骨的形成有显著影响。此外，还发现粒径、钙磷比和表面积等因素会影响再生过程中骨与材料的接触。在生物降解性方面，残余移植物的量由大孔尺寸、粒径和抗压强度决定。
本系统评价表明，CaP生物材料的物理化学特性对支架性能具有高度决定性，强调了其在设计下一代骨支架以实现更高再生率方面的实用性。
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