Clinical Lipidology and Rare Lipid Disorders Unit, Community Gene Medicine Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal and ECOGENE-21, 930 Jacques-Cartier, Suite 210-B, Chicoutimi, Québec G7H 7K9, Canada.
Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Eur Heart J. 2024 Jul 12;45(27):2422-2434. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae325.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by severely elevated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In the pivotal Phase 3 HoFH trial (NCT03399786), evinacumab significantly decreased LDL-C in patients with HoFH. This study assesses the long-term safety and efficacy of evinacumab in adult and adolescent patients with HoFH. METHODS: In this open-label, single-arm, Phase 3 trial (NCT03409744), patients aged ≥12 years with HoFH who were evinacumab-naïve or had previously received evinacumab in other trials (evinacumab-continue) received intravenous evinacumab 15 mg/kg every 4 weeks with stable lipid-lowering therapy. RESULTS: A total of 116 patients (adults: n = 102; adolescents: n = 14) were enrolled, of whom 57 (49.1%) were female. Patients were treated for a median (range) duration of 104.3 (28.3-196.3) weeks. Overall, treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious TEAEs were reported in 93 (80.2%) and 27 (23.3%) patients, respectively. Two (1.7%) deaths were reported (neither was considered related to evinacumab). Three (2.6%) patients discontinued due to TEAEs (none were considered related to evinacumab). From baseline to Week 24, evinacumab decreased mean LDL-C by 43.6% [mean (standard deviation, SD), 3.4 (3.2) mmol/L] in the overall population; mean LDL-C reduction in adults and adolescents was 41.7% [mean (SD), 3.2 (3.3) mmol/L] and 55.4% [mean (SD), 4.7 (2.5) mmol/L], respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of patients with HoFH, evinacumab was generally well tolerated and markedly decreased LDL-C irrespective of age and sex. Moreover, the efficacy and safety of evinacumab was sustained over the long term.
背景和目的:纯合子家族性高胆固醇血症(HoFH)是一种罕见的遗传性疾病,其特征为 LDL 胆固醇(LDL-C)严重升高和早发动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病。在关键的 3 期 HoFH 试验(NCT03399786)中,evinacumab 显著降低了 HoFH 患者的 LDL-C。本研究评估了evinacumab 在 HoFH 成年和青少年患者中的长期安全性和疗效。 方法:这是一项开放标签、单臂、3 期试验(NCT03409744),纳入年龄≥12 岁、evinacumab 初治或既往在其他试验中接受过 evinacumab 治疗(evinacumab-续贯)的 HoFH 患者,接受静脉注射 evinacumab 15mg/kg,每 4 周 1 次,同时使用稳定的降脂治疗。 结果:共纳入 116 例患者(成人:n=102;青少年:n=14),其中 57 例(49.1%)为女性。患者中位(范围)治疗持续时间为 104.3(28.3-196.3)周。总体而言,93 例(80.2%)患者发生了治疗出现的不良事件(TEAE),27 例(23.3%)患者发生了严重 TEAE。报告了 2 例(1.7%)死亡(均与 evinacumab 无关)。3 例(2.6%)患者因 TEAE 停药(均与 evinacumab 无关)。从基线至 24 周,总体人群中 evinacumab 降低了平均 LDL-C 43.6%[平均(标准差,SD),3.4(3.2)mmol/L];成人和青少年的 LDL-C 降低幅度分别为 41.7%[平均(SD),3.2(3.3)mmol/L]和 55.4%[平均(SD),4.7(2.5)mmol/L]。 结论:在本项大型 HoFH 患者队列中,evinacumab 总体耐受性良好,无论年龄和性别,均可显著降低 LDL-C。此外,evinacumab 的疗效和安全性可长期维持。
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