Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2024 Jul 15;7(7):4231-4253. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00307. Epub 2024 Jun 10.
Electrospun polymeric nanofibers are essential in various fields for various applications because of their unique properties. Their features are similar to extracellular matrices, which suggests them for applications in healthcare fields, such as antimicrobials, tissue engineering, drug delivery, wound healing, bone regeneration, and biosensors. This review focuses on the synthesis of electrospun polymeric nanofibers, their surface modification, and their biomedical applications. Nanofibers can be fabricated from both natural and synthetic polymers and their composites. Even though they mimic extracellular matrices, their surface features (physicochemical characteristics) are not always capable of fulfilling the purpose of the target application. Therefore, they need to be improved via surface modification techniques. Both needle-based and needleless electrospinning are thoroughly discussed. Various techniques and setups employed in each method are also reviewed. Furthermore, pre- and postspinning modification approaches for electrospun nanofibers, including instrument design and the modification features for targeted biomedical applications, are also extensively discussed. In this way, the remarkable potential of electrospun polymeric nanofibers can be highlighted to reveal future research directions in this dynamic field.
电纺聚合物纳米纤维因其独特的性能在各个领域的各种应用中都很重要。它们的特性类似于细胞外基质，这使得它们在医疗保健领域有应用潜力，如抗菌、组织工程、药物输送、伤口愈合、骨再生和生物传感器。本文综述了电纺聚合物纳米纤维的合成、表面改性及其在生物医学中的应用。纳米纤维可以由天然和合成聚合物及其复合材料制成。尽管它们模拟细胞外基质，但它们的表面特征（物理化学特性）并不总是能够满足目标应用的目的。因此，需要通过表面改性技术进行改进。本文详细讨论了基于针的和无针电纺。还回顾了每种方法中使用的各种技术和设置。此外，还广泛讨论了电纺纳米纤维的纺前和纺后改性方法，包括仪器设计和针对靶向生物医学应用的改性特征。通过这种方式，可以突出电纺聚合物纳米纤维的显著潜力，揭示该动态领域的未来研究方向。
