Traffic Injury Research Foundation, 171 Nepean St., Ottawa, Ontario K2P 0B4, Canada.
Traffic Injury Research Foundation, 171 Nepean St., Ottawa, Ontario K2P 0B4, Canada.
J Safety Res. 2024 Jun;89:190-196. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2024.02.013. Epub 2024 Mar 8.
This study investigates the effect among commercial motor vehicle (CMV) drivers of the adoption of fuel-efficient driving techniques (commonly known as eco-driving) on the odds of being involved in safety-related events.
For 2,637 long-haul class 8 drivers employed by four carriers in Canada, information on driving style, total distance driven, and safety-related events like collisions, hard-braking, hard-turning, and stability control events were collected for each trip. Three carriers provided driving style-related data from the ISAAC instrument, which provides a score on a 0 to 100 scale that measures the degree to which a driver is using an appropriate amount of engine power according to driving conditions. The fourth carrier provided data on driving style characteristics, including fuel consumption, use of cruise control, and use of top gear. Depending on the carrier, information on speeding, driver age, and years of experience driving a commercial vehicle was also collected. Logit statistical models were developed to estimate the change in odds of a driver experiencing a safety-related event dependent on the measures of driving style.
A one-unit increase in the ISAAC score was associated with a 7%, 8%, 8%, and 4% reduction in the odds of having a hard-braking event, hard left-turn event, hard right-turn event, and collision, respectively. For the carrier not employing the ISAAC system, an increase of 10% in the time spent driving in top gear with steady speed near 100 km per hour (km/h) was associated with a substantial 34% decrease in stability control events. In addition, a year increase in the driver's age, as well as a 1% increase in the amount of time spent driving using cruise control, reduced the number of hard-braking events by 9% and 3%, respectively. Conclusion/Practical Applications: The adoption of fuel-efficient driving techniques enhances the safety of CMV drivers.
本研究调查了商用机动车（CMV）驾驶员采用节油驾驶技术（通常称为生态驾驶）对与安全相关事件发生几率的影响。
对于在加拿大的四家运输公司受雇的 2637 名长途 8 级卡车司机，为每次行程收集了驾驶风格、总行驶距离以及与安全相关的事件（如碰撞、急刹车、急转弯和稳定性控制事件）的信息。三家运输公司提供了来自 ISAAC 仪器的驾驶风格相关数据，该仪器提供了一个 0 到 100 分的分数，根据驾驶条件衡量驾驶员使用适当发动机功率的程度。第四家运输公司提供了有关驾驶风格特征的数据，包括燃料消耗、使用巡航控制和使用最高档。根据运输公司的不同，还收集了有关超速、驾驶员年龄和驾驶商用车辆年限的信息。开发了逻辑统计模型，以根据驾驶风格的衡量标准估算驾驶员经历安全相关事件的几率变化。
ISAAC 分数每增加一个单位，急刹车事件、急左转弯事件、急右转弯事件和碰撞的几率分别降低 7%、8%、8%和 4%。对于不采用 ISAAC 系统的运输公司，以 100 公里/小时（km/h）的稳定速度在最高档行驶的时间增加 10%，与稳定性控制事件的大幅减少 34%相关。此外，驾驶员年龄增加一年，以及使用巡航控制的时间增加 1%，分别使急刹车事件的数量减少 9%和 3%。结论/实际应用：采用节油驾驶技术提高了商用机动车驾驶员的安全性。
