Biotechnology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Jun 12;40(8):239. doi: 10.1007/s11274-024-04050-7.
Anaerobic digestion (AD) emerges as a pivotal technique in climate change mitigation, transforming organic materials into biogas, a renewable energy form. This process significantly impacts energy production and waste management, influencing greenhouse gas emissions. Traditional research has largely focused on anaerobic bacteria and methanogens for methane production. However, the potential of anaerobic lignocellulolytic fungi for degrading lignocellulosic biomass remains less explored. In this study, buffalo rumen inocula were enriched and acclimatized to improve lignocellulolytic hydrolysis activity. Two consortia were established: the anaerobic fungi consortium (AFC), selectively enriched for fungi, and the anaerobic lignocellulolytic microbial consortium (ALMC). The consortia were utilized to create five distinct microbial cocktails-AF0, AF20, AF50, AF80, and AF100. These cocktails were formulated based on varying of AFC and ALMC by weights (w/w). Methane production from each cocktail of lignocellulosic biomasses (cassava pulp and oil palm residues) was evaluated. The highest methane yields of CP, EFB, and MFB were obtained at 337, 215, and 54 mL/g VS, respectively. Cocktails containing a mix of anaerobic fungi, hydrolytic bacteria (Sphingobacterium sp.), syntrophic bacteria (Sphaerochaeta sp.), and hydrogenotrophic methanogens produced 2.1-2.6 times higher methane in cassava pulp and 1.1-1.2 times in oil palm empty fruit bunch compared to AF0. All cocktails effectively produced methane from oil palm empty fruit bunch due to its lipid content. However, methane production ceased after 3 days when oil palm mesocarp fiber was used, due to long-chain fatty acid accumulation. Anaerobic fungi consortia showed effective lignocellulosic and starchy biomass degradation without inhibition due to organic acid accumulation. These findings underscore the potential of tailored microbial cocktails for enhancing methane production from diverse lignocellulosic substrates.
厌氧消化（AD）作为气候变化缓解的关键技术崭露头角，将有机物质转化为沼气，这是一种可再生能源形式。该过程对能源生产和废物管理产生重大影响，影响温室气体排放。传统研究主要集中在产甲烷的厌氧细菌和产甲烷菌上。然而，厌氧木质纤维素真菌降解木质纤维素生物质的潜力尚未得到充分探索。在这项研究中，我们富集和驯化水牛瘤胃接种物以提高木质纤维素水解活性。建立了两个共生体：选择性富集真菌的厌氧真菌共生体（AFC）和厌氧木质纤维素微生物共生体（ALMC）。利用这两个共生体创建了五个不同的微生物鸡尾酒-AF0、AF20、AF50、AF80 和 AF100。这些鸡尾酒是根据 AFC 和 ALMC 的重量（w/w）变化来配制的。评估了每个木质纤维素生物质（木薯浆和油棕渣）鸡尾酒的甲烷产量。CP、EFB 和 MFB 的最大甲烷产量分别为 337、215 和 54 mL/gVS。含有混合厌氧真菌、水解细菌（鞘氨醇单胞菌）、共生细菌（Sphaerochaeta sp.）和产氢甲烷菌的鸡尾酒在木薯浆中的甲烷产量比 AF0 高 2.1-2.6 倍，在油棕空果串中的甲烷产量高 1.1-1.2 倍。所有鸡尾酒都有效地从油棕空果串中产生甲烷，因为其含有脂质。然而，当使用油棕中果皮纤维时，由于长链脂肪酸的积累，甲烷产量在 3 天后停止。厌氧真菌共生体显示出有效的木质纤维素和淀粉生物质降解能力，没有由于有机酸积累而产生抑制。这些发现强调了定制微生物鸡尾酒在增强不同木质纤维素底物产甲烷方面的潜力。
