Saeidlou Sakineh Nouri, Vahabzadeh Davoud, Karimi Fozieh, Babaei Fariba
Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2024 Jun 12;43(1):81. doi: 10.1186/s41043-024-00576-6.
Recently, Serum vitamin D (Vit. D) levels evaluation and the use of Vit. D supplements have increased substantially. There is no specific guideline for the duration of Vit. D supplementation, so yet Vit. D supplementation duration has remained a critical and controversial issue. This study aimed to determine the vit. D supplementation duration to reach an adequate or optimal Vit. D status and its effect on lipid profile.
In this longitudinal study, 345 women with different status of Vit. D levels were enrolled and followed up for one year. Eligible participants received 50,000 IU Vit. D (cholecalciferol) once a month for 12 consecutive months. The serum Vit. D levels and lipid profiles were measured at baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 12th months after the intervention. Participants were categorized based on Vit. D level at baseline into deficiency (< 20 ng/mL), inadequate (20-30 ng/mL), and adequate (> 30 ng/mL) groups, and the data were compared at different times between the three groups.
Three deficiency (n = 73), inadequate (n = 138) and adequate (n = 134) groups of participants were followed. In all participants the average amount of Vit. D level changes were 8 ng/mL after one year of supplementation. The mean changes of serum Vit. D level in 6th and 12th months vs. 3th month was as below: In deficiency group: 4.08 ± 0.85 and 10.01 ± 1.02 ng/mL; (p < 0.001), in inadequate group: 3.07 ± 0.59 and 7.26 ± 0.78 ng/mL; (p = 0.001) and in adequate group: 2.02 ± 0.88 and 6.44 ± 1.005 ng/ml; (p = 0.001). Lipid profiles were improved in three groups. So, the mean changes of lipid profiles at the end of the study comparing with the baseline were: -5.86 ± 2.09, -7.22 ± 1.43 and - 6.17 ± 1.72 (mg/dl) for LDL (p < 0.05); -12.24 ± 3.08, -13.64 ± 3.21 and - 17.81 ± 2.94 (mg/dl) for cholesterol (p < 0.05) in deficiency, inadequate and adequate groups, respectively. For triglyceride, the mean changes were - 13.24 ± 5.78 and - 15.85 ± 7.49 (mg/dl) in deficiency and adequate groups, respectively (p < 0.05). Although the triglyceride decreased in the inadequate group at the end of the study but this difference was not significant (p = 0.67).
Taking of 50,000 IU Vit. D 3 monthly for 12 months resulted in reaching its level to adequate level in both deficiency and insufficient groups; however, in the adequate group its level did not reach above than 50 ng/mL. Therefore, 50,000 IU Vit. D supplementation monthly for one year can have beneficial effects on lipid profiles and there is no risk of toxicity in healthy women.
最近，血清维生素D（Vit.D）水平评估及Vit.D补充剂的使用显著增加。目前尚无关于Vit.D补充剂持续时间的具体指南，因此Vit.D补充剂的持续时间仍是一个关键且有争议的问题。本研究旨在确定达到足够或最佳Vit.D状态所需的Vit.D补充剂持续时间及其对血脂谱的影响。
在这项纵向研究中，招募了345名Vit.D水平不同的女性，并随访一年。符合条件的参与者连续12个月每月接受一次50000IU Vit.D（胆钙化醇）。在干预前、干预后第3、6和12个月测量血清Vit.D水平和血脂谱。根据基线时的Vit.D水平将参与者分为缺乏组（<20ng/mL）、不足组（20 - 30ng/mL）和充足组（>30ng/mL），并比较三组在不同时间的数据。
对三组参与者进行了随访，分别为缺乏组（n = 73）、不足组（n = 138）和充足组（n = 134）。在所有参与者中，补充一年后Vit.D水平的平均变化为8ng/mL。第6和12个月与第3个月相比血清Vit.D水平的平均变化如下：缺乏组：4.08±0.85和10.01±1.02ng/mL；（p < 0.001），不足组：3.07±0.59和7.26±0.78ng/mL；（p = 0.001），充足组：2.02±0.88和6.44±1.005ng/ml；（p = 0.001）。三组的血脂谱均得到改善。因此，与基线相比，研究结束时三组血脂谱的平均变化分别为：低密度脂蛋白（LDL）为-5.86±2.09、-7.22±1.43和-6.17±1.72（mg/dl）（p < 0.05）；胆固醇在缺乏组、不足组和充足组分别为-12.24±3.08、-13.64±3.21和-17.81±2.94（mg/dl）（p < 0.05）。对于甘油三酯，缺乏组和充足组的平均变化分别为-13.24±5.78和-15.85±7.49（mg/dl）（p < 0.05）。虽然研究结束时不足组的甘油三酯有所下降，但差异不显著（p = 0.67）。
每月服用50000IU Vit.D 3共12个月可使缺乏组和不足组的Vit.D水平达到足够水平；然而，充足组的Vit.D水平未超过50ng/mL。因此，每月补充50000IU Vit.D一年对血脂谱有益，且对健康女性无毒性风险。
