Cheng Lei, Chai Congna, Liu Yingqi, Jiao Jianjun
Department of Stomatology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056001, P.R. China.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056001, P.R. China.
Oncol Lett. 2024 Jun 3;28(2):352. doi: 10.3892/ol.2024.14486. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor revives the killing effect of immune cells to prevent tumor progression. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of first-line PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy vs. standard treatment in recurrent or metastatic (R/M) oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). A total of 51 patients with R/M OSCC were reviewed and divided into the PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy (n=21) and standard treatment (n=30) groups based on their actual treatments. The results of the present study demonstrated that the objective response rate (52.4 vs. 36.7%, P=0.265) and disease control rate (81.0 vs. 70.0%, P=0.377) were numerically elevated in the PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy group compared with those in the standard treatment group; however, the results did not reach statistical significance. The progression-free survival (PFS) was numerically increased (without statistical significance) in the PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy group compared with that of the standard treatment group (P=0.057). Specifically, the PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy group and the standard treatment group exhibited a median [95% confidence interval (CI)] PFS duration of 6.7 (1.6-11.8) and 5.2 (3.4-7.0) months, respectively. In addition, the PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy group demonstrated increased overall survival (OS) compared with that of the standard treatment group (P=0.032). Specifically, the PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy group and the standard treatment group exhibited a median (95% CI) OS duration of 18.3 (11.9-24.7) and 10.3 (7.9-12.7) months, respectively. Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy was independently associated with improved PFS [hazard ratio (HR)=0.308, P=0.002] and OS (HR=0.252, P=0.003). In addition, the incidence of grade 3-5 adverse events (AEs) was relatively low in both groups and the incidence of any grade of each AE was not significantly different between groups (all P>0.050). In conclusion, the first-line PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy group had improved efficacy and comparable safety compared with those of the standard treatment in patients with R/M OSCC.
程序性细胞死亡蛋白1（PD-1）抑制剂可恢复免疫细胞的杀伤作用，以阻止肿瘤进展。本研究旨在评估一线PD-1抑制剂+化疗与标准治疗方案在复发性或转移性（R/M）口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）中的疗效和安全性。共纳入51例R/M OSCC患者，并根据其实际接受的治疗将其分为PD-1抑制剂+化疗组（n=21）和标准治疗组（n=30）。本研究结果表明，与标准治疗组相比，PD-1抑制剂+化疗组的客观缓解率（52.4% vs. 36.7%，P=0.265）和疾病控制率（81.0% vs. 70.0%，P=0.377）在数值上有所提高；然而，结果未达到统计学显著性。与标准治疗组相比，PD-1抑制剂+化疗组的无进展生存期（PFS）在数值上有所增加（无统计学显著性）（P=0.057）。具体而言，PD-1抑制剂+化疗组和标准治疗组的中位[95%置信区间（CI）]PFS持续时间分别为6.7（1.6-11.8）个月和5.2（3.4-7.0）个月。此外，与标准治疗组相比，PD-1抑制剂+化疗组的总生存期（OS）有所延长（P=0.032）。具体而言，PD-1抑制剂+化疗组和标准治疗组的中位（95%CI）OS持续时间分别为18.3（11.9-24.7）个月和10.3（7.9-12.7）个月。此外，多因素Cox回归分析表明，PD-1抑制剂+化疗与PFS改善[风险比（HR）=0.308，P=0.002]和OS改善（HR=0.252，P=0.003）独立相关。此外，两组3-5级不良事件（AE）的发生率相对较低，且各AE任何级别在两组之间的发生率无显著差异（均P>0.050）。总之，对于R/M OSCC患者，一线PD-1抑制剂+化疗组与标准治疗组相比疗效更佳，安全性相当。
