Luo Haojian, Liang Zhaoping, Lin Junjie, Wang Yiqiao, Liu Yingying, Mei Kun, Zhao Mengmeng, Huang Shujian
School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 May 30;15:1396894. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1396894. eCollection 2024.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a single-stranded RNA virus with a capsid membrane that causes acute infectious gastrointestinal disease characterized by vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration in swine. Piglets are more susceptible to PEDV than adults, with an infection rate reaching 90% and a fatality rate as high as 100%. Moreover, PEDV has a rapid transmission rate and broad transmission range. Consequently, PEDV has caused considerable economic losses and negatively impacted the sustainability of the pig industry. The surface spike (S) glycoprotein is the largest structural protein in PEDV virions and is closely associated with host cell fusion and virus invasion. As such, the S protein is an important target for vaccine development. In this article, we review the genetic variation, immunity, apoptosis-induction function, virulence, vaccine potential, and other aspects of the PEDV S protein. This review provides a theoretical foundation for preventing and controlling PEDV infection and serves as a valuable resource for further research and development of PEDV vaccines.
猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）是一种具有衣壳膜的单链RNA病毒，可引起猪的急性传染性胃肠道疾病，其特征为呕吐、腹泻和脱水。仔猪比成年猪更容易感染PEDV，感染率达90%，死亡率高达100%。此外，PEDV传播速度快、范围广。因此，PEDV已造成相当大的经济损失，并对养猪业的可持续发展产生了负面影响。表面刺突（S）糖蛋白是PEDV病毒粒子中最大的结构蛋白，与宿主细胞融合和病毒入侵密切相关。因此，S蛋白是疫苗开发的重要靶点。在本文中，我们综述了PEDV S蛋白的遗传变异、免疫、诱导凋亡功能、毒力、疫苗潜力等方面。本综述为预防和控制PEDV感染提供了理论基础，并为PEDV疫苗的进一步研发提供了宝贵资源。
