College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2024 Aug;213:108827. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108827. Epub 2024 Jun 11.
Salvia miltiorrhiza is a widely utilized medicinal herb in China. Its roots serve as crucial raw materials for multiple drugs. The root morphology is essential for the quality of this herb, but little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying the root development in S. miltiorrhiza. Previous study reveals that the polar auxin transport is critical for lateral root development in S. miltiorrhiza. Whether the auxin efflux carriers PIN-FORMEDs (PINs) are involved in this process is worthy investigation. In this study, we identified nine SmPIN genes in S. miltiorrhiza, and their chromosome localization, physico-chemical properties, and phylogenetic relationship were analyzed. SmPINs were unevenly distributed across four chromosomes, and a variety of hormone responsive elements were detected in their promoter regions. The SmPIN proteins were divided into three branches according to the phylogenetic relationship. SmPINs with close evolutionary distance showed similar conserved motif features. The nine SmPINs showed distinct tissue-specific expression patterns and most of them were auxin-inducible genes. We generated SmPIN3 overexpression S. miltiorrhiza seedlings to investigate the function of SmPIN3 in the root development in this species. The results demonstrated that SmPIN3 regulated the root morphogenesis of S. miltiorrhiza by simultaneously affecting the lateral root development and the root anatomical structure. The root morphology, patterns of root xylem and phloem as well as the expressions of genes in the auxin signaling pathway all altered in the SmPIN3 overexpression lines. Our findings provide new insights for elucidating the regulatory roles of SmPINs in the auxin-mediated root development in S. miltiorrhiza.
丹参是中国广泛应用的药用植物，其根部是多种药物的重要原料。根形态对该植物的质量至关重要，但丹参根发育的分子机制知之甚少。先前的研究表明，极性生长素运输对丹参侧根发育至关重要。生长素外排载体 PIN 形成蛋白（PINs）是否参与这一过程值得研究。本研究在丹参中鉴定了 9 个 SmPIN 基因，并对其染色体定位、理化性质和系统发育关系进行了分析。SmPIN 不均匀分布在 4 条染色体上，其启动子区域检测到多种激素响应元件。SmPIN 蛋白根据系统发育关系分为 3 个分支。进化距离相近的 SmPIN 具有相似的保守基序特征。9 个 SmPIN 表现出不同的组织特异性表达模式，其中大多数为生长素诱导基因。我们构建了 SmPIN3 过表达丹参幼苗，以研究 SmPIN3 在该物种根发育中的功能。结果表明，SmPIN3 通过同时影响侧根发育和根解剖结构来调节丹参的根形态发生。SmPIN3 过表达系的根形态、木质部和韧皮部的模式以及生长素信号通路中的基因表达均发生改变。我们的发现为阐明 SmPINs 在丹参中生长素介导的根发育中的调控作用提供了新的见解。
