Shuvo Suvasish Das, Hasan Md Mohtasim, Das Tapon Kumar, Hossain Md Emran, Aktar Tamanna, Riazuddin Md, Hasan Md Sakib
Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
Public Health Pract (Oxf). 2024 May 23;8:100514. doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100514. eCollection 2024 Dec.
The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted food access, resulting in substantial consequences for food insecurity and contributing to adverse individual and public health outcomes. To comprehensively evaluate these challenges and grasp their implications for food security, this study aimed to evaluate the contributing determinants of food insecurity among rural households in the southwestern region of Bangladesh.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated questionnaire in selected 310 rural household respondents from the southwestern region of Bangladesh.
Household food insecurity status was the outcome variable for the analysis. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to explore and predict risk factors correlated with food insecurity among southwestern Bangladeshi households.
We found that 59 % and 27.5 % of households were suffering from moderate food insecurity and severe food insecurity, respectively. The multinomial regression model revealed that respondents residing in Kusthia (RRR = 5.56 CI:2.67-8.4 and RRR = 6.65, CI:3.37-9.22) aged between 30 and 40 years (RRR = 2.32, 95 % CI:1.84-3.77 and RRR = 1.87, 95 % CI:1.48-3.97) and 40-50 years (RRR = 1.86 95 % CI:1.46-3.82 and RRR = 1.95, 95 % CI:1.75-3.26) were significantly associated with mild-to-moderate and severe food insecurity. Respondents with a monthly family income of <58.96 USD (3.38 times and 2.18 times), had ≥5 family members (2.68 times and 1.89 times), and had poor income during the pandemic (4.25 times and 2.75 times) more likely to be moderate and severe food insecure.
The results emphasized that during the COVID-19 lockdown in Bangladesh, rural households faced diverse levels of food insecurity, ranging from moderate to severe. It suggests that efforts to raise awareness and implement support strategies for those at higher risk should not only focus on income but also consider additional factors such as family size, adults aged 30-40 years, and occupation.
新冠疫情的爆发扰乱了食物获取，给粮食不安全带来了重大影响，并导致了不良的个人和公共卫生后果。为了全面评估这些挑战并了解其对粮食安全的影响，本研究旨在评估孟加拉国西南部农村家庭粮食不安全的影响因素。
采用经过验证的问卷对孟加拉国西南部选定的310户农村家庭受访者进行了横断面研究。
家庭粮食不安全状况是分析的结果变量。采用多项逻辑回归分析来探索和预测与孟加拉国西南部家庭粮食不安全相关的风险因素。
我们发现，分别有59%和27.5%的家庭面临中度粮食不安全和重度粮食不安全。多项回归模型显示，居住在库什蒂亚的受访者（相对风险比RRR = 5.56，置信区间CI：2.67 - 8.4；RRR = 6.65，CI：3.37 - 9.22）、年龄在30至40岁之间的受访者（RRR = 2.32，95% CI：1.84 - 3.77；RRR = 1.87，95% CI：1.48 - 3.97）以及40至50岁之间的受访者（RRR = 1.86，95% CI：1.46 - 3.82；RRR = 1.95，95% CI：1.75 - 3.26）与轻度至中度和重度粮食不安全显著相关。家庭月收入低于58.96美元（3.38倍和2.18倍）、家庭成员≥5人（2.68倍和1.89倍）以及在疫情期间收入不佳的受访者（4.25倍和2.75倍）更有可能面临中度和重度粮食不安全。
研究结果强调，在孟加拉国实施新冠疫情封锁期间，农村家庭面临着从中度到重度不等的各种粮食不安全状况。这表明，为高风险人群提高认识并实施支持策略的努力不仅应关注收入，还应考虑其他因素，如家庭规模、30至40岁的成年人以及职业。
