College of Eco-Environment Engineering, The Karst Environmental Geological Hazard Prevention of Key Laboratory of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, Praha-Suchdol, 16500, Czech Republic.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jun 18;14(1):14090. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-64877-w.
Chromium (Cr) can interfere with plant gene expression, change the content of metabolites and affect plant growth. However, the molecular response mechanism of wetland plants at different time sequences under Cr stress has yet to be fully understood. In this study, Canna indica was exposed to 100 mg/kg Cr-contaminated soil for 0, 7, 14, and 21 days and analyzed using untargeted metabolomics (LC-MS) and transcriptomics. The results showed that Cr stress increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and peroxidase (POD), the contents of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and oxygen free radical (ROS), and inhibited the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments, thus leading to changes in plant growth and biomass. Metabonomics analysis showed that Cr stress mainly affected 12 metabolic pathways, involving 38 differentially expressed metabolites, including amino acids, phenylpropane, and flavonoids. By transcriptome analysis, a total of 16,247 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, 7710 up-regulated genes, and 8537 down-regulated genes) were identified, among which, at the early stage of stress (Cr contaminate seven days), C. indica responds to Cr toxicity mainly through galactose, starch and sucrose metabolism. With the extension of stress time, plant hormone signal transduction and MAPK signaling pathway in C. indica in the Cr14 (Cr contaminate 14 days) treatment group were significantly affected. Finally, in the late stage of stress (Cr21), C. indica co-defuses Cr toxicity by activating its Glutathione metabolism and Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. In conclusion, this study revealed the molecular response mechanism of C. indica to Cr stress at different times through multi-omics methods.
铬（Cr）会干扰植物基因表达，改变代谢物含量并影响植物生长。然而，铬胁迫下湿地植物在不同时间序列下的分子响应机制尚未完全阐明。本研究以美人蕉为材料，在 100mg/kg Cr 污染土壤中暴露 0、7、14 和 21d，采用非靶向代谢组学（LC-MS）和转录组学进行分析。结果表明，Cr 胁迫会增加超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）和过氧化物酶（POD）的活性、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、丙二醛（MDA）和氧自由基（ROS）的含量，抑制光合作用色素的生物合成，从而导致植物生长和生物量的变化。代谢组学分析表明，Cr 胁迫主要影响 12 条代谢途径，涉及 38 种差异表达代谢物，包括氨基酸、苯丙烷和类黄酮。通过转录组分析，共鉴定到 16247 个差异表达基因（DEGs，7710 个上调基因和 8537 个下调基因），其中，在胁迫早期（Cr 污染七天），美人蕉主要通过半乳糖、淀粉和蔗糖代谢来应对 Cr 毒性。随着胁迫时间的延长，Cr14（Cr 污染 14d）处理组中植物激素信号转导和 MAPK 信号通路显著受到影响。最后，在胁迫后期（Cr21），美人蕉通过激活其谷胱甘肽代谢和苯丙烷生物合成来共同抵御 Cr 毒性。综上所述，本研究通过多组学方法揭示了美人蕉对 Cr 胁迫的分子响应机制。
