Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Clinical Medical College, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
Eur J Med Res. 2024 Jun 18;29(1):335. doi: 10.1186/s40001-024-01932-2.
Intestinal fibrosis is a prevalent complication of IBD that that can frequently be triggered by prolonged inflammation. Fibrosis in the gut can cause a number of issues, which continue as an ongoing challenge to healthcare systems worldwide. The primary causes of intestinal fibrosis are soluble molecules, G protein-coupled receptors, epithelial-to-mesenchymal or endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and the gut microbiota. Fresh perspectives coming from in vivo and in vitro experimental models demonstrate that fibrogenic pathways might be different, at least to some extent, independent of the ones that influence inflammation. Understanding the distinctive procedures of intestinal fibrogenesis should provide a realistic foundation for targeting and blocking specific fibrogenic pathways, estimating the risk of fibrotic consequences, detecting early fibrotic alterations, and eventually allowing therapy development. Here, we first summarize the inflammatory and non-inflammatory components of fibrosis, and then we elaborate on the underlying mechanism associated with multiple cytokines in fibrosis, providing the framework for future clinical practice. Following that, we discuss the relationship between modernization and disease, as well as the shortcomings of current studies. We outline fibrosis diagnosis and therapy, as well as our recommendations for the future treatment of intestinal fibrosis. We anticipate that the global review will provides a wealth of fresh knowledge and suggestions for future fibrosis clinical practice.
肠纤维化是 IBD 的一种常见并发症，通常由长期炎症引发。肠道纤维化会导致一系列问题，这对全球医疗体系来说仍是一个持续的挑战。肠纤维化的主要原因包括可溶性分子、G 蛋白偶联受体、上皮细胞-间充质或内皮细胞-间充质转化以及肠道微生物群。来自体内和体外实验模型的新观点表明，纤维生成途径可能不同，至少在某种程度上独立于影响炎症的途径。了解肠纤维化的独特过程应该为靶向和阻断特定纤维生成途径、评估纤维化后果的风险、检测早期纤维化改变以及最终实现治疗开发提供现实基础。在这里，我们首先总结了纤维化的炎症和非炎症成分，然后详细阐述了与纤维化中多种细胞因子相关的潜在机制，为未来的临床实践提供了框架。之后，我们讨论了现代化与疾病的关系以及当前研究的不足之处。我们概述了纤维化的诊断和治疗，并提出了我们对未来治疗肠纤维化的建议。我们预计，这篇综述将为未来的纤维化临床实践提供丰富的新知识和建议。
