Dong Wenjing, Tomita Kai, Sawada Akira, Hasebe Makoto, Inoue Masako, Momose Kunikazu, Nakamura Tatsuro, Teraoka Hiroki
School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan.
Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan.
Animals (Basel). 2024 May 30;14(11):1633. doi: 10.3390/ani14111633.
Red-crowned cranes () consist of two distinct groups: the continental population and the island population. The island population, localized in Hokkaido, Japan, exhibits very low genetic diversity due to its rapid recovery from the brink of extinction. Our previous research in 2018 highlighted a possible mating between a male from the continental population, with the Gj5 haplotype, and a female from the island population, with the Gj2 haplotype, at Hitominuma Sawmp shore in northern Hokkaido. The present study attempted to unravel the distribution of their offspring by examining the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of this mixed breeding pair compared with samples collected from cranes in northern and southeastern Hokkaido between 2008 and 2022. The analysis identified 55 MHC types, including 10 known types in a dataset of 89 crane samples, based on amino acid sequences. A total of 58 MHC types were recognized, based on nucleotide sequences, as there were many cases in which the same amino acid sequence had different nucleotide sequences. The five DNA types of MHC in the Hitominuma Swamp male were predominantly identified in eight cranes from northern Hokkaido and one chick from southeastern Hokkaido. In addition, population genetic analysis, based on insertion/deletion (InDel) polymorphisms, indicates distinct population differentiation between the northern and southeastern regions of Hokkaido. These results suggest that genetic contributions from the continental red-crowned crane population have already been integrated into the Hokkaido populations, with a more pronounced influence in northern Hokkaido.
大陆种群和岛屿种群。岛屿种群分布在日本北海道，由于其从灭绝边缘迅速恢复，遗传多样性非常低。我们2018年的先前研究强调，在北海道北部的人见沼岸边，一只具有Gj5单倍型的大陆种群雄性丹顶鹤与一只具有Gj2单倍型的岛屿种群雌性丹顶鹤可能进行了交配。本研究试图通过检查这一杂交配对的主要组织相容性复合体（MHC），并与2008年至2022年期间从北海道北部和东南部的丹顶鹤采集的样本进行比较，来揭示它们后代的分布情况。基于氨基酸序列的分析在89个丹顶鹤样本的数据集中确定了55种MHC类型，其中包括10种已知类型。基于核苷酸序列，共识别出58种MHC类型，因为在许多情况下，相同的氨基酸序列具有不同的核苷酸序列。人见沼雄性丹顶鹤的五种MHC DNA类型主要在北海道北部的八只丹顶鹤和北海道东南部的一只雏鸟中被鉴定出来。此外，基于插入/缺失（InDel）多态性的群体遗传分析表明，北海道北部和东南部地区之间存在明显的群体分化。这些结果表明，大陆丹顶鹤种群的遗传贡献已经融入北海道种群，在北海道北部的影响更为明显。
