Kawasaki Erika, Wenjing Dong, Sawada Akira, Nakajima Momoko, Momose Kunikazu, Yoshino Tomoo, Amano Tomoko, Endoh Daiji, Nakajima Nobuyoshi, Teraoka Hiroki
School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan.
Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Sep 4;12(17):2293. doi: 10.3390/ani12172293.
Red-crowned crane is an endangered species in two separate populations: the mainland population in the Eurasian continent and the island population in eastern Hokkaido, Japan. We found 11 insertion/deletion (InDel) markers in the genome of the red-crowned crane and designed primer sets across these InDels that can be analyzed with conventional agarose gel electrophoresis. Sixty-six samples of whole blood and skeletal muscle obtained from red-crowned cranes, including 12 families in eastern Hokkaido from 1994 to 2021, showed different patterns in gel images of 11 InDel PCR reactions except for two pairs. The combined non-exclusion probability of the 11 markers indicates that individuals can be determined with a probability of 99.9%. In 39 non-relative chicks, the expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.316, suggesting low genetic diversity. This might not be caused by high levels of inbreeding since the average FIS was not significantly different from zero (0.095, = 0.075). The results suggest that the 11 InDel primer sets can be used for fairly accurate individual identification as well as genetic population analyses in red-crowned cranes in the island population.
丹顶鹤是一种濒危物种，分为两个独立的种群：欧亚大陆的大陆种群和日本北海道东部的岛屿种群。我们在丹顶鹤基因组中发现了11个插入/缺失（InDel）标记，并针对这些InDel设计了引物组，可通过常规琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行分析。从丹顶鹤获取的66份全血和骨骼肌样本，包括1994年至2021年来自北海道东部的12个家族，除了两对之外，11个InDel PCR反应的凝胶图像显示出不同的模式。11个标记的联合非排除概率表明，个体识别概率可达99.9%。在39只非亲缘雏鸟中，期望杂合度（He）为0.316，表明遗传多样性较低。这可能不是由高度近亲繁殖引起的，因为平均近交系数FIS与零无显著差异（0.095，P = 0.075）。结果表明，这11个InDel引物组可用于岛屿种群丹顶鹤的相当准确的个体识别以及遗传种群分析。
