帕金森病大脑中的表观遗传学改变概述。

Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK.

Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jun 3;25(11):6168. doi: 10.3390/ijms25116168.

Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, predominantly of the motor system. Although some genetic components and cellular mechanisms of Parkinson's have been identified, much is still unknown. In recent years, emerging evidence has indicated that non-DNA-sequence variation (in particular epigenetic mechanisms) is likely to play a crucial role in the development and progression of the disease. Here, we present an up-to-date overview of epigenetic processes including DNA methylation, DNA hydroxymethylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs implicated in the brain of those with Parkinson's disease. We will also discuss the limitations of current epigenetic research in Parkinson's disease, the advantages of simultaneously studying genetics and epigenetics, and putative novel epigenetic therapies.

帕金森病是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，主要影响运动系统。尽管已经确定了一些帕金森病的遗传成分和细胞机制，但仍有很多未知。近年来，新出现的证据表明，非 DNA 序列变异（特别是表观遗传机制）可能在疾病的发展和进展中发挥关键作用。在这里，我们介绍了与帕金森病患者大脑相关的表观遗传过程，包括 DNA 甲基化、DNA 羟甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码 RNA。我们还将讨论当前帕金森病表观遗传研究的局限性、同时研究遗传学和表观遗传学的优势，以及推测的新的表观遗传治疗方法。