Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iași, Romania.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iași, Romania.
Nutrients. 2024 Jun 1;16(11):1736. doi: 10.3390/nu16111736.
Healthy dietary patterns during pregnancy are crucial for ensuring maternal and foetal health outcomes. Numerous methodologies exist for assessing the diet of pregnant women, including dietary patterns and various appraisal tools of diet quality. This study aimed to assess the dietary patterns and diet quality of pregnant women and to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns, diet quality estimators, and the adequacy of nutrient intake. EPIC FFQ was applied to a sample of 251 pregnant women, and questionnaires were interpreted with the FETA program. Dietary patterns were then determined by means of principal component analysis. Our results showed a substantial association between dietary patterns and total diet quality, as measured by the Diet Quality Index for Pregnancy (DQI-Pc), PURE Healthy Diet Score, and FIGO Diet Quality Score. We also found correlations between certain dietary patterns and particular nutrient intakes recommended by the European Food Safety Authority during pregnancy. The most deficient intake was registered for iron (86.1%), zinc (87.3%) and magnesium (79.3%), posing a threat to normal bone development, anaemia prophylaxis, and immune status. These results highlight the importance of assessing and understanding eating habits during pregnancy in order to achieve optimal outcomes for both the mother and the foetus.
孕期健康的饮食模式对于确保母婴健康至关重要。有许多方法可用于评估孕妇的饮食，包括饮食模式和各种饮食质量评估工具。本研究旨在评估孕妇的饮食模式和饮食质量，并研究饮食模式、饮食质量评估工具与营养素摄入充足性之间的关系。本研究采用 EPIC 食物频数问卷对 251 名孕妇进行了调查，并使用 FETA 程序对问卷进行了解读。然后通过主成分分析法确定饮食模式。研究结果表明，饮食模式与总饮食质量之间存在显著关联，其中饮食质量指数孕期版（DQI-Pc）、PURE 健康饮食评分和 FIGO 饮食质量评分是衡量饮食质量的指标。此外，我们还发现某些饮食模式与欧洲食品安全局在孕期推荐的某些特定营养素摄入之间存在相关性。铁（86.1%）、锌（87.3%）和镁（79.3%）的摄入量明显不足，这可能会对正常的骨骼发育、贫血预防和免疫状态产生威胁。这些结果强调了评估和了解孕妇饮食习惯的重要性，以实现母婴的最佳健康结果。
