Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Vecindario Rehabilitation Center, 35110 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Nutrients. 2024 Jun 1;16(11):1741. doi: 10.3390/nu16111741.
(1) Background: Global population aging is changing demographic structures and presents significant challenges for health systems, which must adapt to an increasingly elderly population. (2) Methods: The study employed a randomized controlled trial design with a total of 116 older adults aged 65 or older, randomly assigned to an experimental group ( = 57) undergoing a combined resistance program and Mediterranean diet program and a control group ( = 59) who did not receive any intervention. Anxiety and depression were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), sleep quality through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and perceived stress using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). (3) Results: Statistically significant improvements ( < 0.05) were observed both within and between groups in anxiety (Cohen's d = 0.38 and 0.78, respectively), depression (Cohen's d = 0.56 and 0.18, respectively), perceived stress (Cohen's d = 0.15 and 0.39, respectively), and in the PSQI domains: subjective sleep quality (Cohen's d = 1.01 and 0.53, respectively), sleep duration (Cohen's d = 0.112 and 0.53, respectively), sleep disturbances (Cohen's d = 1.92 and 0.95, respectively), use of medications (Cohen's d = 0.34 and 0.40, respectively), and the PSQI total score (Cohen's d = 0.68 and 0.49, respectively). No significant differences were observed in sleep latency or daytime dysfunction. (4) Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that resistance intervention may be an effective therapeutic option to improve mental health and sleep quality in older adults aged 65 or older, offering a non-pharmacological approach to improving overall well-being in this demographic.
（1）背景：全球人口老龄化正在改变人口结构，给卫生系统带来了重大挑战，卫生系统必须适应人口老龄化的趋势。（2）方法：本研究采用随机对照试验设计，共有 116 名年龄在 65 岁或以上的老年人参与，随机分为实验组（n=57）和对照组（n=59）。实验组接受了一项综合的抗阻训练计划和地中海饮食计划，对照组未接受任何干预。使用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）评估焦虑和抑郁，使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评估睡眠质量，使用感知压力量表（PSS）评估感知压力。（3）结果：组内和组间的焦虑（Cohen's d=0.38 和 0.78）、抑郁（Cohen's d=0.56 和 0.18）、感知压力（Cohen's d=0.15 和 0.39）以及 PSQI 各领域得分（主观睡眠质量：Cohen's d=1.01 和 0.53；睡眠时长：Cohen's d=0.112 和 0.53；睡眠障碍：Cohen's d=1.92 和 0.95；使用药物：Cohen's d=0.34 和 0.40；PSQI 总分：Cohen's d=0.68 和 0.49）均有统计学意义的改善（p<0.05）。睡眠潜伏期和日间功能障碍方面无显著差异。（4）结论：本研究结果表明，抗阻干预可能是改善 65 岁及以上老年人心理健康和睡眠质量的有效治疗选择，为改善这一年龄段人群的整体健康提供了一种非药物干预方法。
