Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, 3-17 Senrioka Shinmachi, Settsu-shi 566-0002, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan.
Nutrients. 2024 Jun 4;16(11):1764. doi: 10.3390/nu16111764.
This study aimed to examine the relationship between the frequency of household shared meals and the intake of 17 food groups and 21 nutrients. Participants were 3310 men and 3386 women ≥20 years old living in a household of ≥2 members from 2018 and 2019 National Health and Nutrition Surveys in Japan. A one-day household dietary record was used to classify an individual's shared meal frequency and dietary intake. A shared meal is defined as an eating occasion (i.e., breakfast, lunch, and dinner) where ≥1 food item-other than sugars, fats and oils, beverages, and condiments-was recorded with an assigned approximated shared proportion. The shared meal frequency for each individual was classified into one of four categories: 0, 1, 2, and 3 times/day. Dietary intake was compared across the shared meal categories adjusted for age, occupation, household size, meal skipping, snacking, residential areas, and within-household correlations. Both men and women who had more frequent shared meals showed higher intakes of potatoes, vegetables, mushrooms, and condiments but less confectioneries and beverages. A higher shared meal frequency was also related to a higher intake of many (12/21) nutrients (e.g., protein, dietary fiber, and potassium). However, in women, there was a positive association between shared meal frequency and sodium intake. A higher frequency of household shared meals may be related to a more favorable dietary intake; except for concerns about sodium intake in women.
本研究旨在探讨家庭共餐频率与 17 种食物组和 21 种营养素摄入之间的关系。参与者为 2018 年至 2019 年居住在日本至少有两名成员的家庭中的 3310 名男性和 3386 名≥20 岁的女性。采用一日家庭膳食记录来分类个体的共餐频率和膳食摄入。共餐是指记录了≥1 种食物（除糖、脂肪和油、饮料和调味料外）并按分配的近似共享比例的进食场合（即早餐、午餐和晚餐）。每个人的共餐频率分为四组之一：0、1、2 和 3 次/天。在调整年龄、职业、家庭规模、漏餐、吃零食、居住区域和家庭内相关性后，比较共餐类别之间的膳食摄入。共餐频率较高的男性和女性摄入更多的土豆、蔬菜、蘑菇和调味料，但摄入的糖果和饮料较少。更高的共餐频率也与许多（12/21）营养素（如蛋白质、膳食纤维和钾）的更高摄入量有关。然而，在女性中，共餐频率与钠摄入量之间存在正相关关系。家庭共餐频率较高可能与更有利的膳食摄入有关；除了女性对钠摄入量的担忧。
