Yang Ruqian, Lu Xingyi, Alomeir Nora, Quataert Sally, Wu Tongtong, Xiao Jin
Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14620, USA.
Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14620, USA.
J Clin Med. 2024 May 29;13(11):3183. doi: 10.3390/jcm13113183.
: This study aimed to identify the salivary levels of six hormones (progesterone, estradiol, testosterone, cortisol, thyroxine T3, and triiodothyronine T4) in pregnant women, and to assess the association between salivary hormones, dental caries, and cariogenic microorganisms. : This cross-sectional study included 181 low-income US pregnant women who were in their third trimester. Demographic details, oral hygiene practices, and medical backgrounds were obtained via questionnaires and medical records. Calibrated dentists obtained data on plaque index and caries status through comprehensive oral examinations. Unstimulated saliva was collected 2 h before eating and brushing. Salivary hormones were measured with a multiplex assay. Oral () and () were quantified via colony-forming unit (CFU) counts. A latent model was used to generate clusters of pregnant women based on salivary hormone levels, followed by post-clustering analysis. Factors associated with salivary cariogenic microorganisms were further evaluated via multiple regression analyses. : Estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, cortisol, T3, and T4 in saliva were detectable at rates of 92%, 97%, 77%, 99%, 71%, and 50%, respectively. Three distinct participant clusters (high, intermediate, and low) were identified based on salivary hormone levels. Intermediate-level and high-level clusters had increased numbers of decayed teeth, decayed surfaces, ICDAS scores, and salivary and , compared to the low-level cluster ( < 0.05). Covariate analysis demonstrated that the high-level cluster was positively associated with salivary carriage of (CFU/mL) ( < 0.05). Participants with higher levels of progesterone, estradiol, testosterone, and cortisol were associated with a high carriage status of in saliva (>10 CFU/mL) ( < 0.05). : This study demonstrated the feasibility of detecting salivary hormones during pregnancy and revealed the positive association between salivary steroid hormones and cariogenic pathogens.
本研究旨在确定孕妇唾液中六种激素（孕酮、雌二醇、睾酮、皮质醇、甲状腺素T3和三碘甲状腺原氨酸T4）的水平，并评估唾液激素、龋齿和致龋微生物之间的关联。本横断面研究纳入了181名处于孕晚期的美国低收入孕妇。通过问卷调查和病历获取人口统计学细节、口腔卫生习惯和医学背景信息。经过校准的牙医通过全面口腔检查获取菌斑指数和龋齿状况的数据。在进食和刷牙前2小时收集未刺激唾液。采用多重检测法测量唾液激素。通过菌落形成单位（CFU）计数对口腔（）和（）进行定量。基于唾液激素水平，使用潜在模型生成孕妇聚类，随后进行聚类后分析。通过多元回归分析进一步评估与唾液致龋微生物相关的因素。唾液中的雌二醇、孕酮、睾酮、皮质醇、T3和T4的检出率分别为92%、97%、77%、99%、71%和50%。根据唾液激素水平确定了三个不同的参与者聚类（高、中、低）。与低水平聚类相比，中水平和高水平聚类的龋齿数、龋面数、国际龋病检测和评估系统（ICDAS）评分以及唾液（）和（）均增加（<0.05）。协变量分析表明，高水平聚类与唾液中（CFU/mL）的携带呈正相关（<0.05）。孕酮、雌二醇、睾酮和皮质醇水平较高的参与者与唾液中（>10 CFU/mL）的高携带状态相关（<0.05）。本研究证明了孕期检测唾液激素的可行性，并揭示了唾液类固醇激素与致龋病原体之间的正相关关系。
