Wu Yan, Xiao Jin, Rashwan Noha, Morrissey Abigail, Yousif Dina, Al Jallad Nisreen, Fiscella Kevin, Wu TongTong, Abu Brenda A Z
Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430042, China.
Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
Arch Oral Biol. 2025 Jul;175:106277. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2025.106277. Epub 2025 Apr 29.
To investigate the effects of pica practices during pregnancy on oral health risks and outcomes.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women in New York. Demographic, medical history and oral hygiene practice data were collected using validated questionnaires. Comprehensive oral examinations included caries and periodontal status (plaque index and bleeding on probing). Clinical samples (saliva, plaque, and pica substances obtained from participants) were processed to assess the carriage of cariogenic microorganisms (Streptococcus mutans and Candida species) using culturing-dependent and -independent methods. We statistically compared oral clinical and microbial outcomes of pica and non-pica participants.
Among 20 women enrolled (8 (40 %) with pica and 12 (60 %) without pica), the mean gestational age was 25.55 ± 8.82 weeks. Candida species were detected in 25 % of pica samples (n = 2), predominantly from ice samples. The pica group exhibited poorer oral health conditions, showing more decayed-missing-filled teeth and surfaces than the non-pica counterparts (p = 0.016). Although not statistically significant, salivary carriage of C. albicans was 2.8 times higher in women with pica compared to those without (3.3 ± 5.7 × 10 CFU/ml versus 1.2 ± 3.8 × 10 CFU/ml in non-pica, p = 0.093). Women with pica reported markedly higher prevalence of anemia (50 %) compared to non-pica participants (8.3 %) (p = 0.035).
Pica practices were associated with maternal oral health risks, imploring that clinicians manage pica behaviors to mitigate oral diseases during pregnancy.
探讨孕期异食癖行为对口腔健康风险及结局的影响。
在纽约的孕妇中开展了一项横断面研究。使用经过验证的问卷收集人口统计学、病史和口腔卫生习惯数据。全面的口腔检查包括龋齿和牙周状况（菌斑指数和探诊出血）。对临床样本（从参与者处获得的唾液、菌斑和异食癖物质）进行处理，采用依赖培养和不依赖培养的方法评估致龋微生物（变形链球菌和念珠菌属）的携带情况。我们对有异食癖和无异食癖参与者的口腔临床和微生物学结局进行了统计学比较。
在纳入的20名女性中（8名（40%）有异食癖，12名（60%）无异食癖），平均孕周为25.55±8.82周。在25%的异食癖样本（n=2）中检测到念珠菌属，主要来自冰块样本。异食癖组的口腔健康状况较差，与无异食癖组相比，有更多的龋失补牙和牙面（p=0.016）。尽管差异无统计学意义，但有异食癖的女性白色念珠菌的唾液携带量比无异食癖的女性高2.8倍（异食癖组为3.3±5.7×10CFU/ml，无异食癖组为1.2±3.8×10CFU/ml，p=0.093）。有异食癖的女性报告的贫血患病率（50%）明显高于无异食癖的参与者（8.3%）（p=0.035）。
异食癖行为与孕产妇口腔健康风险相关，这表明临床医生应处理异食癖行为以减轻孕期口腔疾病。
