Wystalska Katarzyna, Kowalczyk Mariusz, Kamizela Tomasz, Worwąg Małgorzata, Zabochnicka Magdalena
Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, Brzeźnicka 60A, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2024 May 30;17(11):2646. doi: 10.3390/ma17112646.
Biochar enriched with metals has an increased potential for sorption of organic and inorganic pollutants. The aim of the research was to identify the possibility of using biochar composites produced on the basis of waste plant biomass and waste FFH (ferryferrohydrosol) containing iron atoms, after CO capture. The composites were produced in a one-stage or two-stage pyrolysis process. Their selected properties were determined as follows: pH, ash content, C, H, N, O, specific surface area, microstructure and the presence of surface functional groups. The produced biochar and composites had different properties resulting from the production method and the additive used. The results of experiments on the removal of methylene blue (MB) from solutions allowed us to rank the adsorbents used according to the maximum dye removal value achieved as follows: BC1 (94.99%), B (84.61%), BC2 (84.09%), BC3 (83.23%) and BC4 (83.23%). In terms of maximum amoxicillin removal efficiency, the ranking is as follows: BC1 (55.49%), BC3 (23.51%), BC2 (18.13%), B (13.50%) and BC4 (5.98%). The maximum efficiency of diclofenac removal was demonstrated by adsorbents BC1 (98.71), BC3 (87.08%), BC4 (74.20%), B (36.70%) and BC2 (30.40%). The most effective removal of metals Zn, Pb and Cd from the solution was demonstrated by BC1 and BC3 composites. The final concentration of the tested metals after sorption using these composites was less than 1% of the initial concentration. The highest increase in biomass on prepared substrates was recorded for the BC5 composite. It was higher by 90% and 54% (for doses of 30 g and 15 g, respectively) in relation to the biomass growth in the soil without additives. The BC1 composite can be used in pollutant sorption processes. However, BC5 has great potential as a soil additive in crop yield and plant growth.
富含金属的生物炭对有机和无机污染物的吸附潜力增强。本研究的目的是确定在二氧化碳捕获后，使用基于废弃植物生物质和含铁原子的废弃FFH（铁水合铁溶胶）生产的生物炭复合材料的可能性。这些复合材料是在一步或两步热解过程中生产的。其选定的性质如下测定：pH值、灰分含量、碳、氢、氮、氧、比表面积、微观结构和表面官能团的存在情况。所生产的生物炭和复合材料因生产方法和所用添加剂的不同而具有不同的性质。从溶液中去除亚甲基蓝（MB）的实验结果使我们能够根据所达到的最大染料去除值对所用吸附剂进行如下排序：BC1（94.99%）、B（84.61%）、BC2（84.09%）、BC3（83.23%）和BC4（83.23%）。就最大阿莫西林去除效率而言，排序如下：BC1（55.49%）、BC3（23.51%）、BC2（18.13%）、B（13.50%）和BC4（5.98%）。吸附剂BC1（98.71）、BC3（87.08%）、BC4（74.20%）、B（36.70%）和BC2（30.40%）对双氯芬酸的去除效率最高。BC1和BC3复合材料对溶液中金属锌、铅和镉的去除效果最为显著。使用这些复合材料吸附后，测试金属的最终浓度低于初始浓度的1%。BC5复合材料在制备的基质上生物量增加最高。与无添加剂土壤中的生物量增长相比，分别在30克和15克剂量下，其生物量增长分别高出90%和54%。BC1复合材料可用于污染物吸附过程。然而，BC5作为土壤添加剂在作物产量和植物生长方面具有巨大潜力。
