Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Obesity and Diabetes Research Unit, Nutrition Coordination, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Hermosillo, Mexico.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2024 Aug;32(8):1518-1525. doi: 10.1002/oby.24061. Epub 2024 Jun 18.
This work aimed to parse out the role of changing environments on body composition, total energy expenditure, and physical activity in the Mexican Pima, a population experiencing rapid industrialization.
Using doubly labeled water, we compared energy expenditure and physical activity in a longitudinal cohort of Mexican Pima (n = 26; female: 12) in 1995 and 2010. Body mass and composition were assessed by bioimpedance analysis. To determine the effects of environmental factors on body weight independent of age, we compared the 1995 longitudinal cohort with an age- and sex-matched cross-sectional cohort (n = 26) in 2010.
Body mass, fat mass, and fat-free mass all significantly increased between 1995 and 2010. Despite a 13% average increase in body weight, weight-adjusted total daily energy expenditure decreased significantly. Measured physical activity levels also decreased between 1995 and 2010, after we adjusted for weight.
Our results suggest that the recent industrialization of the Maycoba region in Sonora, Mexico, has contributed to a decrease in physical activity, in turn contributing to weight gain and metabolic disease among the Mexican Pima.
本研究旨在探讨环境变化对墨西哥皮马人体成分、总能量消耗和身体活动的影响，该人群正经历快速工业化进程。
我们使用双标水比较了 1995 年和 2010 年纵向队列中墨西哥皮马人群（女性：12 人，n=26）的能量消耗和身体活动。通过生物阻抗分析评估体重和成分。为了确定环境因素对体重的影响独立于年龄，我们将 1995 年的纵向队列与 2010 年年龄和性别匹配的横断面队列（n=26）进行比较。
1995 年至 2010 年间，体重、脂肪量和去脂体重均显著增加。尽管体重平均增加了 13%，但体重校正后的总每日能量消耗显著下降。在调整体重后，1995 年至 2010 年间的身体活动水平也有所下降。
我们的研究结果表明，墨西哥索诺拉州马科巴地区最近的工业化进程导致身体活动减少，从而导致墨西哥皮马人群体重增加和代谢性疾病。
