Johnsen Laura Øllegaard, Friis Kathrine Abildskov, Møller-Madsen Maria Kirstine, Damkier Helle Hasager
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Clin Anat. 2025 Jan;38(1):63-74. doi: 10.1002/ca.24199. Epub 2024 Jun 19.
The choroid plexus (CP) is a small yet highly active epithelial tissue located in the ventricles of the brain. It secretes most of the CSF that envelops the brain and spinal cord. The epithelial cells of the CP have a high fluid secretion rate and differ from many other secretory epithelia in the organization of several key ion transporters. One striking difference is the luminal location of, for example, the vital Na-K-ATPase. In recent years, there has been a renewed focus on the role of ion transporters in CP secretion. Several studies have indicated that increased membrane transport activity is implicated in disorders such as hydrocephalus, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, and posthemorrhagic sequelae. The importance of the CP membrane transporters in regulating the composition of the CSF has also been a focus in research in recent years, particularly as a regulator of breathing and hemodynamic parameters such as blood pressure. This review focuses on the role of the fundamental ion transporters involved in CSF secretion and its ion composition. It gives a brief overview of the established factors and controversies concerning ion transporters, and finally discusses future perspectives related to the role of these transporters in the CP epithelium.
脉络丛（CP）是位于脑室中的一个小而高度活跃的上皮组织。它分泌包围大脑和脊髓的大部分脑脊液（CSF）。脉络丛的上皮细胞具有很高的液体分泌速率，并且在几种关键离子转运体的组织方式上与许多其他分泌上皮不同。一个显著的差异是，例如，重要的钠钾ATP酶位于管腔侧。近年来，离子转运体在脉络丛分泌中的作用再次受到关注。几项研究表明，膜转运活性增加与脑积水、特发性颅内高压和出血后后遗症等疾病有关。脉络丛膜转运体在调节脑脊液成分中的重要性也是近年来研究的一个重点，特别是作为呼吸和血流动力学参数（如血压）的调节因子。本综述重点关注参与脑脊液分泌及其离子组成的基本离子转运体的作用。它简要概述了有关离子转运体的既定因素和争议，最后讨论了这些转运体在脉络丛上皮细胞中作用的未来前景。
