Social, Economic and Organisational Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
Department of Social Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2024 Oct;63(4):2200-2224. doi: 10.1111/bjso.12778. Epub 2024 Jun 19.
Multiculturalism and tolerance, as two sets of normative beliefs about how to deal with intergroup diversity, have been recognized as effective at reducing outgroup negativity among majority group members. However, whether majority group members' normative beliefs regarding them might motivate their solidarity-based collective actions and how their political ideology might qualify this influence remained unclear. To answer these questions, we conducted two pre-registered experimental studies (N = 626), both zooming in on the multiculturalism issues in the context of the relationships between native Dutch citizens and citizens with a Moroccan background within Dutch university campuses (Study 1) and broader Dutch society (Study 2). In both studies, we found an ingroup norm of tolerance (vs. control) undermined majority group members' engagement in collective actions in support of ethnic minorities. Additionally, ideological leftists were more sensitive to norms than rightists: Study 1 showed a facilitative effect of the multiculturalism norm (vs. control) on solidarity-based collective action intentions particularly among leftists, whilst Study 2 revealed a dampening effect of the tolerance norm (vs. control) on these intentions particularly among leftists.
多元文化主义和宽容作为处理群体间多样性的两套规范信念，已被证明可以有效减少多数群体成员对外群体的负面看法。然而，多数群体成员对它们的规范信念是否会激发他们基于团结的集体行动，以及他们的政治意识形态如何影响这种影响，这些问题仍不清楚。为了回答这些问题，我们进行了两项预先注册的实验研究（N=626），都聚焦于荷兰本土公民与荷兰大学校园内具有摩洛哥背景的公民之间关系中的多元文化主义问题（研究 1）和更广泛的荷兰社会（研究 2）。在这两项研究中，我们发现，多数群体成员的宽容内群体规范（与控制组相比）破坏了他们参与支持少数族裔的集体行动。此外，意识形态左派比右派对规范更敏感：研究 1 表明，多元文化主义规范（与控制组相比）对基于团结的集体行动意向具有促进作用，尤其是在左派中，而研究 2 则表明，宽容规范（与控制组相比）对这些意向具有抑制作用，尤其是在左派中。
