Fidelis Obinna P, Mulon Pierre-Yves, Anderson David E, Crouch Dustin L
Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
bioRxiv. 2024 Jun 9:2024.06.08.597378. doi: 10.1101/2024.06.08.597378.
BACKGROUND –: Suture anchor failures can lead to revision surgeries which are costly and burdensome for patients. The durability of musculoskeletal reconstructions is therefore partly affected by the design of the suture anchors.
PURPOSE –: The purpose of the study was to quantify the strength of different suture anchors whose sizes are suitable for attaching artificial Achilles and tibialis cranialis tendons in a rabbit model, as well as determine the effect of cyclic loading on the anchoring strength.
METHOD –: Four anchors (two with embedded eyelet and two with raised eyelet, n=5 per group) were tested with cyclical loading (1000 cycles and 4.5 mm/sec) and without cycling, to inform the failure loads and mode of failure of the suture anchors. An eyebolt screw with smooth eyelet was used as a control for the test groups.
RESULTS –: All samples in all groups completed 1000 cycles and failed via suture breakage in both test conditions. All anchors had failure loads exceeding the peak Achilles tendon force in rabbits during hopping gait. The data analysis showed an effect of anchor type on the maximum tensile force at failure ( ) in all suture categories but not an effect of loading condition. Also, the Anika anchor had a significantly less adverse effect on suture strength compared to Arthrex anchor (p=0.015), IMEX anchor (p=0.004) and Jorvet anchor (p<0.001). We observed a greater percentage of failure at the mid-section for the anchors with the raised eyelets compared to the anchors with embedded eyelets, which all failed at the knot.
CONCLUSION –: Anchors with embedded eyelets had clinically preferred mode of failure with less adverse effects on suture and, may be more reliable than anchors with raised eyelets for attaching artificial Achilles and tibialis cranialis tendons in rabbits.
缝线锚钉失效可能导致翻修手术，这对患者来说成本高昂且负担沉重。因此，肌肉骨骼重建的耐久性部分受缝线锚钉设计的影响。
本研究的目的是量化不同缝线锚钉的强度，这些锚钉的尺寸适用于在兔模型中固定人工跟腱和胫骨前肌腱，并确定循环加载对锚固强度的影响。
对四种锚钉（两种带嵌入式小孔和两种带凸起小孔，每组n = 5）进行循环加载（1000次循环，速度为4.5毫米/秒）和非循环加载测试，以了解缝线锚钉的失效载荷和失效模式。使用带有光滑小孔的吊环螺钉作为测试组的对照。
所有组中的所有样本均完成1000次循环，并且在两种测试条件下均因缝线断裂而失效。所有锚钉的失效载荷均超过兔跳跃步态期间跟腱的峰值力。数据分析表明，在所有缝线类别中，锚钉类型对失效时的最大拉力有影响（ ），但加载条件没有影响。此外，与Arthrex锚钉（p = 0.015）、IMEX锚钉（p = 0.004）和Jorvet锚钉（p < 0.001）相比，Anika锚钉对缝线强度的不利影响明显较小。我们观察到，与嵌入式小孔的锚钉相比，带凸起小孔的锚钉在中间部分的失效百分比更高，而嵌入式小孔的锚钉均在结处失效。
带嵌入式小孔的锚钉在临床上具有更可取的失效模式，对缝线的不利影响较小，并且在兔模型中固定人工跟腱和胫骨前肌腱时，可能比带凸起小孔的锚钉更可靠。
